【作者】 刘晖；

【导师】 张维刚；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 车辆工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 汽车工业是我国的支柱产业。我国的汽车工业正在持续快速的发展,车辆的保有量也会快速增加。汽车碰撞安全性的提高不仅可以有效减少汽车交通事故中的人员伤亡和生命财产损失,还将有助于交通运输环境的畅通以及社会和人们生活的和谐安定。提高汽车被动安全性,要从汽车结构设计和乘员保护系统两个方面入手,因此开展汽车乘员约束系统方面的研究,将为我国汽车企业的自主研发提供有益的经验和借鉴,增强汽车企业的竞争力,从社会的角度来说,有利于从整体上来提高我国汽车的碰撞安全性。仿真技术可用来分析、优化汽车的碰撞性能。随着数值碰撞仿真技术的不断发展,寻求更加适用于汽车碰撞安全性仿真优化设计的方法,具有十分重要的工程意义和学术价值。荷兰TNO开发的软件MADYMO是目前最常用的碰撞模拟软件之一,国外的许多汽车公司都采用MADYMO软件进行乘员约束系统性能的评价和优化。本文将MADYMO进行了消化、吸收,剖析了MADYMO软件的多刚体理论,掌握了利用MADYMO软件建立乘员约束系统模型,研究乘员约束系统保护性能的一般过程。根据某国产轿车的有限元模型,利用MADYMO软件建立了包括安全带、安全气囊、座椅、转向系和内饰件等的正面碰撞乘员约束系统仿真模型和侧面碰撞MADYMO子结构模型,并通过实车碰撞试验验证了模型的正确性。在此基础上,本文运用代理模型技术和优化方法对乘员约束系统进行了仿真优化研究,首先针对正面碰撞乘员约束系统模型,运用Kriging代理模型方法,分别结合可行方向法Commin和多目标遗传算法NSGA-II,对乘员约束系统的多目标优化问题进行研究,得到了较为理想的结果,并对两种优化方法在代理模型中的优化效率做出了比较;然后针对侧面碰撞MADYMO子结构模型,加入侧面碰撞安全气囊,运用响应表面代理模型方法和可行方向优化方法结合,对侧面碰撞安全气囊参数进行了优化。结果表明,将代理模型技术和优化算法结合运用于乘员约束系统的优化能够快速、经济、准确地解决乘员约束系统优化难题,这对乘员约束系统的优化设计具有重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The automobile industry is an important industry in our country, it develops continuativly and fastly, and the tenure of vehicles also increases fastly. The improvement of automobile safety not only reduce the casualty and the property in the traffic accident efficiently, but also be helpful to the expedite transportation、the stability society and the harmonious lives. To enhance the vehicle passive safety, the structural design and the occupant protective system are the two aspects that we must consider. Therefore, the development of vehicle occupant restrains system will provide the experience to the automobile enterprises, and also will enhance the competition of automobile enterprises, adivese it will be advantageous to enhance automobile safety in our country just from the society.The simulation technology was used to analyze and optimize the performance of automobile safety. With the development of automobile simulation technology, to find a new method which is more suitable for the automobile crashworthiness simulation optimization design is very important. MADYMO is one of the softwares which are popular for collision simulates in the present, it is used by many vehicle company to estimate and optimize the performance of occupant restraint system oversea.This paper has done some works for digestion and absorption of MADYMO, analyzed the multi-body theory, mastered the method of setting up occupant restraint system through MADYMO, and researched the general process of passenger protection. According to a domestic car’s finite element model, established the seat belts、airbags、seats、steering and interior parts of the frontal impact occupant restraint system simulation models and PSM model by the software. Through real car collision test verified the correctness of the model.Then, based on surrogate model technology and optimization techniques, at first aim at the front impact passenger protection, combining Kriging surrogate model methods, with the feasible direction COMMIN and multi-objective Genetic Algorithms NSGA-II, using MADYMO to study the multi-objective optimization of occupant restraint system, the result shows that it is is satisfactory; then, aim at side impact PSM model, adding side airbag, using the combination of response surface methods and optimization COMMIN, optimizing the parameter of airbag.The results show that the method in this paper can rapidly, economically and accurately solve the problems of occupant restraint system optimization, which are refered by the passenger restraint system optimization.更多还原