【作者】 徐效宁；

【导师】 唐涛；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的快速发展,对铁路行车的安全和效率提出了更高的要求,而列车运行控制系统在提高运输效率、保证行车安全等方面具有重要的作用。其中的列车超速防护系统(Automatic Train Protection,以下简称ATP)是关键部分,它的主要任务是监督列车的运行速度,自动控制列车的制动系统,实现列车的超速防护,这样一种安全性很高的控制系统,软件设计上必须要保证系统安全。本论文主要研究CTCS-2级列控车载设备的建模设计方法。本文介绍了列车运行控制系统开发遇到的问题,随着计算机技术在列车运行控制系统中的应用,安全问题显得越发的重要和复杂,传统的安全系统设计、分析和测试方法难以满足以计算机技术为基础的安全系统的需要。近年来,对系统进行模型的开发,为解决列控系统设计开发的正确性问题提供了一条可能的途径。本文介绍了UML以及基于UML的实时嵌入式系统软件开发环境Rhapsody建模的优势。针对传统列控系统开发的瀑布生命周期的缺点,引入了CTCS-2列控车载设备的建模方法——嵌入式系统的快速面向对象开发过程(RapidObject-Oriented Process for Embedded System,以下简称ROPES)。根据ROPES过程,论文将CTCS-2列控车载设备的软件开发分为分析、设计、实现和测试四个阶段,并以模式切换和等级转换为例,详细介绍了ROPES的具体应用。基于UML的建模开发方法将ATP软件开发的抽象层次由传统的代码层提升到了模型层,以使开发者可以更加专注于所要解决的领域问题,而不是繁锁的程序代码,实现了在模型层就可以对系统功能进行测试和验证;由UML模型所自动生成的代码是基于实时框架技术的可以高效地运行于目标平台的代码,并且模型与代码之间可以保持自动关联,因而不但解决了传统系统模型与系统实现之间往往存在脱节的问题,每次迭代开发的生命周期也大为降低,对所开发出的软件的质量有着必要的保障。最后,本文将模型在VxWorks上实现,对其分别进行了白盒和黑盒测试,验证了该论文建模方法的有效性和可行性。基于UML的列控车载设备的建模方法利用UML的优势,在保证系统实时性、安全性的前提下,有效地降低了软件设计的复杂度,并使得软件具有更好的层次性、可移植性、完整性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the development of our country’s economy, the safety and efficiency of the railway system are becoming higher. And the automatic train control system plays significant role in assuring operation safety and improving operation efficiency. Among which, the Automatic Train Protection is one of the main component, and it is used to supervise the speed of the high-speed train in real time and continuously, to control the brake system automatically and to realize automatic train protection. This kind of control system needs to be high safety, and the software must be designed safely. In this paper, the author has researched the modeling design of CTCS-2 ATP on-board device software.The paper introduces meeting problems in developing train control system. With the rapid development of computer technology, the safety assurance methods and techliologies formierly used could no longer satisfy the ever increasing safety demand of complex computer system. Recently, model based design method give a possible solution to safety assurance of Automatic Train Protection.The paper introduces the advantage of modeling with UML and real-time embedded-system modeling tool Rhapsody. To avoid disadvantage of waterfall life cycle used in development, this paper brings Rapid Object-Oriented Process for Embedded System (ROPES) in the modeling of CTCS-2 ATP on-board system.The software development of ATP is divided into four stages: analyzing, design, implementation and testing, according to this process. Taking modes and levels transitition as examples, this dissertation introduces the concrete application of ROPES in ATP software development in details. The model development method with UML brings abstract layer of software development from traditional code layer up to the model layer, so that the developer can be absorbed in the specific domain problems instead of cockamamie program codes. It can also test and verify the system function on the model layer. The codes generated automatically from UML model are based on the real-time framework technology and can execute on the target platform efficiently and can change with the UML model synchronously. So this method not only solves the existing disjointed problem between the traditional system model and system implementation but also reduces the iterative lifecycle and guarantees the software quality. Finally, by realization of the model on VxWorks, the author does white-box and black-box test on the model, which indicates the feasibility and validity of the model method in this paper. The method to design software of ATP on-board device takes advantage of UML. On the premise of guaranteeing the safety, reliability and real-time of the system, it simplified the management of system resource, reduced the complexity of software design and improved the transplant, hierarchy and integrality of the software.更多还原