【作者】 刘宏磊；

【导师】 蒋大明；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着功能安全基础标准IEC 61508的发布及在我国的实施,“功能安全”成为安全生产领域的热门话题和技术热点。它在安全技术和管理理论两个方面对涉及人身及环境安全的各个方面提出要求,倡导了一种全新的保障安全的理念。目前功能安全在我国处于起步状态,其在实际中的应用研究还不多。本文旨在国家863“面向安全监测与跟踪的网络化微系统”项目的依托下,通过对IEC61508及IEC 61511等功能安全标准的学习和研究,以车载危险化学品监测系统为载体,利用西门子S7-300F可编程序控制器(PLC)、按钮、指示灯搭建一个危化品运输监测装置的功能安全型模型,用STEP7进行硬件组态并编写了PLC的程序,用WinCC编写了上位机监控程序,并对系统进行了安全完整性等级(SIL)的验证。本文从功能安全的起源和发展入手,主要完成了以下工作:(1)介绍了功能安全的国内外发展现状,功能安全相关标准的基础理论和要求;(2)对移动危化品源进行了风险分析,并通过风险分析确定了监控系统模型拟实现的功能,如超限报警、紧急情况报警等,并对模型的安全完整性等级提出要求,要求模型实现的各报警功能应达到SIL 2;(3)用西门子PLC及相关部件搭建了模型的硬件平台,对PLC进行了硬件组态,在STEP 7下用功能块完成了PLC编程,从而建立了一个功能安全模型系统;(4)将模型系统上电运行,对其进行了功能测试;(5)对模型系统进行了安全完整性验证和功能安全评估,结果显示模型系统达到了SIL 2等级,即满足了风险分析提出的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the basic standard of functional safety, IEC 61508, released and implemented in China, "Functional Safety" becomes a hot topic and a technology hot spot. The standard advocates a new concept of safety with the requirements both in technology and management, personal and environmental.Functional safety is still a new theory now in China. In this paper, a model of mobile dangerous chemicals monitoring system is built with Siemens S7-300F PLC, buttons and lamps, in which functional safety related concepts and theory are used according IEC 61508, IEC 61511 standards.First, the origin and development in China and abroad of functional safety is introduced, the basic theory and requirements in relative standards is illuminated.Second, the functions of the model, such as overrun alarm and emergency alarm, are determined whose Safety Integrated Level (SIL) should be SIL 2 after risk analyze of dangerous chemicals monitoring system.Third, the model is built, PLC is configured and programmed by STEP 7, PC program for monitoring the model is made by WinCC.Fourth, functions of the model are tested.And last, SIL of the model is validated to ensure that it is satisfied with the requirements requested in the risk analyze. During the verification, formulas for calculating PFH value of 1oo1D and 1oo2D structure are presented.更多还原