浅析霍布豪斯的社会和谐思想

【作者】 曹兴平；

【导师】 高建；

【作者基本信息】 天津师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 霍布豪斯在英国政治思想史上并非是最为耀眼的思想家,但他的社会和谐思想却在西方政治思想史上留下了深厚的一笔。作为英国新自由主义的主要代表人物,他以社会和谐思想为基础,构建了不同于传统自由主义的政治新主张。本文从霍布豪斯的社会和谐思想、积极自由、国家学说以及思想的价值等四个角度进行了论述。第一部分论述了霍布豪斯的社会和谐思想。社会和谐思想是霍布豪斯整个学说的中心,他认为个人和社会、整体和部分是一个相互依赖、相互帮助的有机体系,它们之间的关系是和谐的,并将和谐的实现作为社会理想。本部分从和谐与善、和谐与差异、和谐与自由、和谐与秩序等四个方面对社会和谐思想的内容进行了分析。当然,霍布豪斯认为社会和谐思想并非是人们所能实现的,而只是假定了一种道德上的和谐。第二部分论述了霍布豪斯的积极自由。霍布豪斯在充分肯定传统自由主义的作用的基础上,明确地指出了其自由观即消极自由的不足。他认为他所持有的自由为积极自由,而其积极自由内容的核心则是人的自由发展。本部分从自由与法律、自由与平等、平等与正义等三个维度讨论了积极自由与社会和谐之间的关系。认为基于社会和谐原理基础上的积极自由是霍布豪斯政治思想的有力支撑,是实现社会和谐的有力保障。第三部分从国家的产生、功能、权力的制约和价值等四个方面进行论述。霍布豪斯把国家的产生看作是一个历史进化的过程,但他把抽象的精神和道德力量作为国家产生的依据。他认为,在对国家权力进行制约的基础上,国家应该实行积极的干预,国家干预的目的在于促进社会的和谐。霍布豪斯的国家理论在具有重要意义的同时,还具有乌托邦式的伦理国家诉求,表现出浓厚的道德色彩。第四部分对社会和谐思想的价值进行分析。主要有两个方面,一是社会和谐思想的价值和启示;二是该理论的不足和局限。通过以上两方面的分析,从而对霍布豪斯的政治思想有一个全面的认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hobhouse was not the most brilliant thinker in the history of English political thoughts, but his social harmony thoughts played a great role in the history of Western political thoughts. As a representative of New-liberalism and with social harmony as the base, he set a new political ideas different from the traditional liberalism. This paper discusses it with the aspects of social harmony and its value, positive liberty, state concept.The first part exposes Hobhouses’s social harmony thoughts. Hobhouse proposes the social harmony thoughts as the center content of his whole theory. He proposes that the individual and society, the part and the overall are an interdependent organic system, that they are harmonious, he considers the implementation of harmony as the social ideal. This paper discusses the harmony thoughts between harmony and good, difference, liberty, order. He also proposes that the social harmony thoughts is not implemented by human but an assumed moral harmony.The second part discusses Hobhouse’s positive liberty. Hobhouse fully affirms the role traditional liberalism plays and points its short points, i.e. negative liberty, he proposes the idea of positive liberty as well. The content of his positive liberty is core-human’s free development. This section discusses the relation between positive liberty and social harmony with three aspects of liberty and law, liberty and equality, equality and justice. It concludes that positive liberty with social harmony principle as its base is the strong supports of Hobhouse’s political thoughts and the effective protection of implementing social harmony.The third part exposes the selection of country, country function, constraints on state power and value. Hobhouse thinks that the selection of country is an evolutionary process of history, however, he considers abstract spirits and moral force the basis of the selection of country. Also, he thinks the state should intervene positively with the aim of the implementation of social harmony. While Hobhouse proposes country’s intervention as well as the constraints on state power, i.e. expanding the powers of citizens. This paper exposes that Hobhouse’s state theory is with both a theoretical significance and an aspirations of Utopian Ethics nations, that it shows strong moral color.The fourth part is the analysis on the value of social harmony thoughts. This part contains two minor section: the first discusses the value of harmony thoughts. the second is mainly the evaluation on his core thoughts, especially on the abortion of community to the theory. From these , it reflects his position of efforts on implement harmony.更多还原