【作者】 韩冰；

【导师】 陈希有；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 电工理论与新技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 燃料电池是一种将储存在燃料和氧化剂中的化学能直接转化为电能的装置,是一种高效的绿色能源。燃料电池发电系统以其安装简单、高效洁净、功率密度大、运行稳定可靠等特点,日益成为分布式电源系统最有前景的能源技术之一,从而越来越被人们所重视。在中小型燃料电池发电系统中,燃料电池本机输出电压一般不高,且由于燃料电池的电化学特性,其输出的直流电压明显地随着负载的变化而变化。因此在燃料电池发电系统中,功率变换是其重要组成部分。燃料电池输出的电压必须经过具有升压稳压功能的功率变换装置,将不稳定的直流电变换成符合要求的直流或交流电。本文主要研究了燃料电池发电系统中的功率变换装置。首先,本论文介绍了燃料电池的原理、特点和选题意义,给出了质子交换膜燃料电池的输出特性曲线,从而得到了质子交换膜燃料电池的运行特性模型。其次,根据燃料电池的输出特性,通过比较DC/DC变换器的常见的拓扑结构和性能,设计了一个串联Boost型双管正激式高频功率变换器,将其用作容量为5kVA燃料电池发电系统的前级,并对此进行了详细的硬件参数设计和控制软件设计,实现了输入电源在30V-80VDC变化时,全功率范围稳定输出电压为220V/50Hz交流电能。再次,论文分析了系统各部分的损耗,给出了改进建议.最后,论文分别给出了功率变换器在系统中工作的仿真波形与部分实验波形,证明了设计的可行性和合理性。结果表明采用本文提出的控制方法可以获得稳定的220V/50Hz交流输出电压,变换器效率约84.9%。本文基于我国电网额定参数,研究了220V/50Hz燃料电池发电系统中的功率变换技术,其成果对建设我国燃料电池发电系统,从而解决能源与环境之间的矛盾、提高通信等机要部门的供电可靠性具有重要的前瞻意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fuel Cell is a device which can transform chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidizer directly into electric energy. It is a green energy of high efficiency. Fuel Cell generation system is regarded as one of the most promising energy sources in the field of distributed power system. It has various advantages such as easy-to-install, high efficiency of power generation and density, free from natural conditions, environment friendly, stability and reliable operation, so it is regarded seriously by more and more people.In the small and middle scale Fuel Cell generation power system, the output voltage of the FC is not always very high and varies largely as the load changes. Therefore, power converter is essential in the Fuel cell generation system. Fuel Cell should be connected with a power converter which can boost the voltage of the FC and stabilize the voltage of the output of the power converter. The power converter also can transform the unstable DC into required DC/AC . And this paper mainly studies the power converter of the fuel cell generation system.This paper first introduces the background of selection of this subject, analyses the working theory of PEMFC and gets the output performance equation of PEMFC. Then according to the output performance of PEMFC, this paper compares different topologies of DC/DC converter and designs the power converter of 5kVA with a detailed hardware design and control software design. When 30-80V DC is inputted, the power converter transforms it into 220V/50Hz AC. Then , the paper analyses the loss distributing, and puts forward some methods to improve the efficiency. Finally, the paper shows the experiment results of the converter to prove its feasibility and rationality. The efficiency of the power converter is about 83%.This paper studies the power conversion technology of Fuel Cell generation system on 220V/50Hz. It has important significances to improve the Fuel Cell power generation system, solve the contradictions between energy and the environment, enhance the power supply reliability of communications and other departments in the future.更多还原