【作者】 张世浩；

【导师】 李治平；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 我国有很多高含蜡原油,随着开发的进行,地层压力温度将发生变化。此时,原油中的石蜡将被析出来沉积在岩石表面,严重者将堵塞储层孔隙,降低产量。油气开采过程中的蜡质、沥青质等有机固相沉积严重影响着油田的正常生产。固相沉积物不仅堵塞油井、输油管线,而且也给油藏多孔介质造成一系列的伤害。如堵塞油藏孔隙、降低孔隙度和渗透率,改变油藏岩石的润湿性,从而影响原油采收率的提高。开展有机固相沉积的试验研究和理论研究,能够帮助人们提高在油气开采过程中对有机固相沉积的预测性,最大限度的减轻它对生产造成的危害。本论文在前人研究成果的基础上,开展了油藏储层中的石蜡沉积机理、溶解模型、包含石蜡的油藏渗流的数学模型、数值模型和求解方法等一系列研究,建立了含蜡原油石蜡沉积的热力学数学模型,并研制了一个应用模拟程序,对石蜡对单井产能影响进行了模拟研究,主要有如下内容:1、对比分析了石蜡沉积的几种主要机理,研究了压力、温度等因素对石蜡沉积行为的影响;2、从正规溶液理论角度,结合固—液相平衡热力学,建立了石蜡沉积的正规溶液理论热力学模型,重点研究了在不同温度压力下的石蜡沉积计算;3、运用毛管束模型的方法,推导了石蜡沉积量与渗透率下降的关系模型,运用该模型可以定量计算不同沉积量情况下的渗透率下降程度;4、建立了油水两相情况下含石蜡沉积的单井模型,并研究了数学模型求解方法,编写了计算程序;5、将上述理论方法及计算程序应用到油田实际井的模拟中,并定量分析了石蜡沉积对油井的产能的影响以及油井加热后增产效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China, there are many high wax reserviors. With the exploration of the reservior, the formation pressure and temperature will change. Thus, the wax in oil and gas will separate and deposit in the rock and may even block the reservoir pore and lower the producitivity. The organic solid precipitation in oil/gas development has always affected the daily production of the oilfield. It will not only block the pipeline of oil and gathering system, but will also cause different damages to reservoir multipore medium, including blocking reservoir pore, lowering porosity and permeability, changing the wettability and affecting the improvement of recovery rate. The organic solid precipition test study and theorectical study will help us to improve the predictability of its precipitation in oil/gas development and minimize its damage to the largest extent.Based on the previous research result, a series of research has been made in this thesis, including wax deposition mechanism in the reservoir, wax solubility model, the mathematical model of the reservoir flow including solid phase wax, numerical model and numerical solution method etc. A mathematical model of wax precipitation was established and an applied simulation software was developed to operate simulation research of the wax influence on singile well productivity. The details are as follows:(1) Compare and analyze four main types of wax precipitation mechanism and study various influences on wax precipitation, including pressure, temperature etc.(2) From regular solution theory, the thesis established the normal solution theoretical thermodynamic model of wax precipitation with reference to solid-liquid phase balance thermodynamic and studied wax precipitation under different pressure and temperature. (3) Use the capillary cluster method to deduct the relationship model between wax precipitation and permeability decline that can be used to calculate the permeability decline degree in different wax precipitation.(4) Establish the single well wax precipitation model in oil/water biphase condition, give out the computation method of mathematical model and compile the computation program.(5) Use the above theoretical method and program to actual oilfield modeling and analyze the influence of wax precipitation on oil well productivity quantitatively and the stimulation effect of oil well heating.更多还原