【作者】 董一芬；

【导师】 宋刚； 徐伟；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 电子与通信工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着互联网的飞速发展,作为Internet基础的TCP/IP协议正在发生一场前所未有的变革。本文通过对两种互联网核心通信协议IPv4和IPv6的比较,揭示了IPv4将被IPv6所取代的历史必然性。主要分析了两方面的内容;随着互联网的超常规发展,传统网际互联协议IPv4所暴露出来的种种缺陷,如IP地址短缺、路由选择效率不高、缺乏服务质量等等;下一代网际互联协议IPv6针对IPv4协议不足所做的改进及其新增加的特性,如庞大的地址空间、改进的路由结构、完善的服务质量保证等等。IPv6是一个建立可靠的、可管理的、安全和高效的IP网络的长期解决方案。了解和研究它的原理及其亟待解决的技术问题,对于制订网络的长期发展计划,规划网络应用的未来发展方向,都是十分有益的。为此,本文对IPv6的部分核心标准和技术,包括IPv6规范、IPv6寻址、邻居发现协议、用于IPv6路由器之间交换信息的路由协议以及解决IPv4和IPv6共存与互通问题的过渡技术进行了深入研读和分析。本文首先分析了IPv6协议,包括IPv6新特性、IPv6报文结构以及与IPv4的对比、IPv6地址体系结构、IPv6路由协议等重要技术。然后探讨了IPv6的过渡技术,重点研究了IPv6网络之间的互通技术,即各种隧道技术。并在其基础上分析比较了IPv4和IPv6两种协议的异同点,深入研究从IPv4向IPv6过渡的问题。重点分析了目前几种比较成熟的技术;双协议栈技术、隧道技术和网络地址——协议转换技术。在前面理论研究与分析的基础上,本文进行了一系列基于IPv6平台和双栈平台上的组网实验及编程实践,分析了IPv6的一些关键信息服务的技术与应用;WWW服务器、FTP服务器和DNS域名服务器在Linux双协议栈平台上的配置及测试。IPv6实验网的成功搭建不但为进一步开展IPv6研发打下坚实的基础,而且为今后从IPv4向IPv6协议平滑过渡积累了丰富经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the fast development of network technology,TCP/IP protocol,as the base of the Internet,is undertaking an unprecedented transformation..This article has demonstrated IPv4 will be substituted by IPv6 inevitability by comparing these two kinds of communication protocols.It mainly analyzesed two aspects;with rapid development of internet,traditional communication protocol,IPv4, has exposesed all sorts of flaws,like the shortage of IP address,the low efficiency of route,the deficient service,etc.The improvements and new characteristics of new communication protocol IPv6,according to the flaws of IPv4,like the enormous address space,improved route structure,perfect service gurantee,etc.IPv6 is a long-term solution of setting up a reliable,controllable,safe and effective IP network.It’s extremely beneficial to understand and study its principle and unsolved technical problems for establishing long-term plan and future direction for network. This article has thoroughly studied and the analysed part of the IPv6’s core criterion and technique,including IPv6 criterion,IPv6 addressing,Neighbor Discovering Protocol, Routing Protocol used in exchanging information among IPv6 routers as well as the transitional technique to solve the coexistenceof IPv4 and the IPv6.At first,this article analyzesed IPv6 protocol,including IPv6 new characteristics, IPv6 package structure as well as comparison with IPv4,IPv6 address system structure, IPv6 route protocol and other important technique.Then the artical discussesed IPv6 transitional technique,especially between the connectivity technique among IPv6 network,namely all kinds of tunnel technique.And based on these,the article compared similarities and differences between IPv4 and IPv6,and further studied the transition from IPv4 to IPv6.It put emphasis on analyzing several mature techniques nowadays; dual stack,tunnel and NAT technique.On the base of former theoretical research and analysis,the article undertook a series of network experiment and programming practice based on the IPv6,analyzed the IPv6 some essential information service technology and the application;the configuration and test of WWW server,FTP server and DNS domain name server on Linux dual stack platform.The successful build of IPv6 network a not only establish solid base for further IPv6 studies,but also accumulate abundant experance for smooth transition from IPv4 to IPv6.更多还原