基于嵌入式Linux的数字家庭安防图像采集系统

【作者】 姜文博；

【导师】 曾连荪；

【作者基本信息】 上海海事大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着信息领域的技术革新,信息技术已经发展到了"后PC时代"。嵌入式技术突飞猛进的发展推动了在各领域的应用。嵌入式系统的研究开发已成为信息领域的一个热点。特别在"数字家庭"的构建中,基于嵌入式技术的产品层出不穷。有了嵌入式技术的应用,人们的生活变得更加安全、高效。在现今的居家环境中,存在着这样的问题:一方面,传统的家庭安防的手段多为被动式,当意外发生时,不能及时做出判断或者保留可靠的信息;另一方面,即便小区中安置有安防系统,也不能够及时告知家庭主人个体家中的异常情况。在构建数字家庭的背景下,从家庭的个体安防理念出发,这样的弊端是理应被克服的。本文研究的正是应用在家庭环境中的嵌入式图像采集系统,旨在快速地反应情况、高效地捕捉信息,提高信息的可信度和完整性,为小区安全和个体家庭安全服务。本文在对嵌入式系统的特点、软件和硬件进行详细分析讨论的基础上,做了以下研究:分析了家庭安防领域的发展趋势,基于家庭安防环境的特点,结合嵌入式技术的优势,论证了采用嵌入式技术构建图像采集系统方案。选择了Linux作为开发平台,采用ARM9芯片S3C2410、USB摄像头和GPRS通信模块,设计了一个基于嵌入式的现代家庭安防监控系统,并且提出了适用于家庭的图像采集系统的专用微缩模型。剖析了Linux下的USB驱动开发和ARM技术。研究了USB摄像头在Linux下的挂载和设置,实现了USB摄像头在Linux环境下的的驱动。设计了核心板的外围接口电路、红外感应模块的外围接口电路,并扩展了与GPRS通信模块(为后端传输准备)的接口。基于V4L接口,采用双缓冲的采集方法,有效地提高了图象采集效率,实现了家庭图像在异常状态的实时采集,并且应用JPEG算法对图像数据进行了压缩。实验结果表明,整个系统自成体系,灵敏度高,效率高,可扩展性强,能够有效地实现家庭安防监控系统的异常图像采集和报警任务,具有一定应用价值和市场推广前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the innovation of the technology in IT field, the IT technology has stepped into the state of Post PC Era. Embedded system has a giant development in various fields, and the application makes the researching on embedded system be a hot point. Especially, in the field of E-Home, various products spread in a sudden. The embedded systems make the life of people be more safer and efficient.There are some problems appearing in the housing surroundings about security: for one thing, the traditional methods of security are passive modes, and they can not make a determination immediately and record the reliable information. For another thing, even if security system has been installed in the zone, it still can not inform the house host about the unusual case. These defects must be erased, according to the conception of independent housing security.The system in this paper is the very system in housing surroundings, aiming at capturing the information immediately, and strengthening the reliability and integrity.Based on the feature of embedded system, the analysis of software and hardware, this paper has done the researchings, as below:This paper analyzed the trend of the field of the housing security, based on the housing surroundings, and has demonstrated the plan of using embedded system.Combined embedded Linux operating system, S3C2410, USB camera and GPRS module, a modern housing monitoring system has been formed. And, a miniature for housing surroundings has been brought up.Analyzed the technology of USB and ARM, researched on the setting of USB device under Linux, the driver of USB camera has been formed, the circuits of Core-board, infrared module and GPRS module have been finished.Based on the V4L and dual-buffer mode, the efficiency of capturing has been advanced. And JPEG has been applied to compress the frames.The results make it clear that the overall system has a high sensitivity. And it can realize the tasks of capturing unusual frames and alarming. What is more important, the system has the value of application and popularization in the market.更多还原