【作者】 陈德海；

【导师】 许伦辉；

【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文系统地分析了国内外道路交通安全的形势和汽车安全技术的研究现状,剖析了汽车主动安全技术领域的研究、应用情况和存在的问题,指出了真实环境下车辆安全行驶状态综合评价及防碰撞系统研究的重要意义。本文综合运用人机系统和安全评估理论,针对车辆安全行驶状态这一评估对象,从“人、车、环境”影响行车安全的三大基本要素出发,建立了复杂的评估指标体系,运用层次分析法(analytical hierarchy process,简称AHP法)确立了与各项评估指标相对应的权重系数,运用线性加权综合法构造了车辆安全行驶状态综合评估模型。根据车辆安全行驶状态综合评估模型,研究并建立了真实环境下车辆安全跟车距离计算模型,以此模型为基础,提出了车辆防碰撞及自动刹车系统设计方案:采用激光雷达探测自车与前车的距离,采用各种传感器收集行车环境信息,采用8位MCS-51系列单片机作为中央控制中心,对各种信息加以分析判断,当跟车距离小于当前状态下安全跟车距离、存在追尾事故隐患时向驾驶员发出警报提示直至自动刹车。本论文的研究结果为减少高速公路追尾碰撞事故的发生和提高交通效率提出了一种有效方案。同时也为本课题的后期研究提供了理论基础和思想方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis has analyzed systematically the circumstances of road traffic safety and the current situation of the research on the safety technology of automobile all over the world. It has also made an analysis on the research, applications and the existing problems in active automobile safety technology fields, and pointed out the significance to estimate the state of driving safety in complicated environment and to study a suit of Rear-end Collision Warning and Auto-Breaking System.The theories of man-machine system and security assessment are applied synthetically in this thesis. Aiming at driving safety state, the paper sets up a complicated estimating index system from three basic elements of driving safety—person, vehicle, environmental effect; makes use of the way of analytical hierarchy process to establish weight modulus of various indexes and constructs a complete model to evaluate driving safety state with the method of wielding linearity weighted.According to the model of estimating safe running state on vehicle, a counting model of the safety distance between two cars on expressways in practical situation is studied and established. Based on this model, the design of the system of anti-collision and auto-breaking is presented: using laser radar to measure the distance of own car to frontal car, collecting the information of driving circumstances with several sensors, and analyzing and judging all of such information using a Single Chip Microcomputer of 8 bit MCS-51 series which is the controlling center of the system. When the following distance is less than the safety following distance, and there is a hidden trouble of rear-end collision accident, an alarm will ring to the driver until the auto-breaking is taken.The research in this paper can bring an effective way to decrease the occurrence of rear-end collision accidents on expressways and improve the traffic efficiency. It can also provide theoretical support and specific ways for the further research of this project.更多还原