【作者】 段秀华；

【导师】 山红红；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 化学工艺， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 由于石油资源的紧缺以及我国轻质油资源相对匮乏,重油催化裂化已成为石油加工过程的重要组成部分。随着世界炼油化工一体化趋势越来越明显,丙烯作为石油化工的主要有机原料之一,其供需矛盾日益加剧,多产丙烯已向国内外众多催化裂化装置提出了严峻要求。两段提升管催化裂化(TSRFCC)工艺因分段反应从而可以实现催化剂接力、短反应时间、大剂油比操作,有利于重质油催化裂化生产丙烯。“高温、大剂油比、短停留时间”是混合C4气体和轻汽油催化裂解生产丙烯的适宜条件,而“低温、大剂油比、适宜的停留时间”则是重油催化裂化生产丙烯的适宜条件,以TSRFCC工艺为基础,对两段提升管催化裂解组合进料最大限度多产丙烯技术(TMP)进行了研究。该技术可以将第一段提升管反应生成的混合C4气体、催化裂化轻汽油馏分(简称轻汽油,LCG)以及回炼油浆(或重油原料)于不同的位置分层注入第二段提升管反应器进行回炼,实现了轻、重原料于“适宜的反应温度、适宜的停留时间、大剂油比”的环境下反应,避免了不同原料在催化剂上的竞争吸附和反应,在降低干气低价物收率的同时可以实现最大限度保持汽油收率和辛烷值、降低汽油烯烃含量、增产丙烯的目的。采用实验室小型提升管装置进行TMP模拟实验,对该工艺的反应条件、组合进料位置以及与催化剂的匹配进行了初步研究。实验结果表明,采用两段提升管催化裂化工艺配合组合进料技术,大庆渣油的总转化率可达90wt%以上,干气收率控制在5.18wt%,丙烯收率达到21wt%,汽油、柴油收率分别为24wt%和16wt%,汽油中烯烃含量降至33wt%,辛烷值保持较高,开拓了一条重油催化裂解生产丙烯的有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the shortage of petroleum resource and the light oil resource in our state, the catalytic cracking of heavy oil has become an important part in refining industry. Along with the trend of refining and chemical becomes more and more evident, propylene as one of the petro-chemical material, the conflict between supply and demand become more and more acuity. Propylene maximum put forward an austere requirement for catalytic cracking units around the world. Two-stage riser fluid catalytic cracking (TSRFCC) technology can carry out catalytic relay, short reaction time, large catalytic to oil ratio operation because of subsection reaction, favoring the production of propylene with heavy oil.“High temperature, large catalyst to oil, short resident time”are favorable conditions for converting C4 mixture and light gasoline to propylene, while“low temperature, large catalyst to oil, fitting resident time”are favorable conditions for converting heavy oil to propylene. Based on TSRFCC technology, stratified injection technology for maximizing propylene are studied, which is TSR-Maximizing Propylene (TMP) technology. The C4 mixture gas, light catalytic cracking gasoline (i.e light gasoline, LCG) and cycle oil (or heavy feedstock oil) produced from the first stage riser are injected into the second stage riser reactor for further refining, realizing the aim that different feedstocks react under“fitting reaction temperature, fitting resident time and large catalyst to ratio”. The technology can maintain gasoline yield and octane number, decrease olefin content in gasoline, produce more propylene while decrease low-value products just like dry gas and so on. The experiment utilizes pilot unit to simulate the TMP technology. The reaction conditions, the stratified injection position and the matching catalysts are primary researched.The experiment results show that using TSRFCC technology and stratified injection technology, with Daqing AR as feedstock, the total conversion can reach above 90wt%, the dry gas yield can be restricted to 5.18wt%, propylene yield can reach 21wt%, gasoline and diesel yield are 24wt% and 16wt%, respectively. The olefin content in gasoline can decreased to 33wt%, the octane number is higher, exploiting an effective approach for maximizing propylene with heavy oil and TSRFCC technology.更多还原