【作者】 宋瑞国；

【导师】 梁成浩；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化学工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 石油磺酸钠是一种廉价、高效的三次采油用表面活性剂，但是易与钙镁离子反应生成沉淀，限制了它的应用和推广。本文以大庆炼化公司渣油—糠醛抽出油和减三线馏分油为原料经过酰基化反应、Knoevenagel反应和磺化反应合成了有较强耐钙镁离子性能的改性石油磺酸钠。首先以苯和甲苯为母体合成了3—苯基—2—甲酸乙酯基—2—戊烯酸乙酯和3—对甲苯基—2—甲酸乙酯基—3—十八烯酸乙酯，经过核磁共振和红外光谱分析，确认合成产物中有羧酯基，由此证明实验构思的可行性和确认实验的条件、步骤。在此基础上以糠醛抽出油和减三线馏分油为原料合成了改性石油磺酸钠，并进行了红外光谱表征，确认产物中有羧酯基和磺酸基。采用吊片法测试两种改性石油磺酸钠的表面张力，得知以糠醛抽出油为原料合成的改性石油磺酸钠的临界胶束浓度为1.23×10^-3g／L，最低表面张力为39.14mN／m；以减三线馏分油为原料合成的改性石油磺酸钠的临界胶束浓度为1.09×10^-3g／L，最低表面张力值为43.35mN／m。采用旋转滴法测试大庆原油和地层模拟水间的界面张力。结果表明，以0.3％的改性石油磺酸钠、1.2％的Na₂CO₃和1200mg／L的聚丙烯酰胺组成的三元复合驱油体系可以使大庆原油和地层模拟水间的界面张力达到10^-3mN／m数量级。测试了两种改性石油磺酸钠在高钙镁离子溶液中的界面张力。以0.3％的改性石油磺酸钠、1.2％的Na₂CO₃和1200mg／L的聚丙烯酰胺组成的三元复合驱油体系，可以使含钙镁离子浓度600mg／L的地层模拟水和原油之间的界面张力达到超低。这表明合成的改性石油磺酸钠有较强的耐钙镁离子的能力，适合用于高矿化度的矿藏。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sodium petroleum sulfonate is a high economic and effective surfactant involving enhanced oil recovery, but with resisting calcium and magnesium ions restrict which limits its wide use in practice. This article takes the furfural extracted oil and vacuum distillate oil of Daqing refining oil company as raw material, with Friedel-Crafts acylation, Knoevenagel and sulfonation reaction, composed the modified petroleum sulfonates PCS with high resisting capacity to calcium and magnesium ions.First in this article we adopt the benzene and toluene as matrix to make 3-phenyl-2-ethyl formate-2-ethyl pentenate and the 3-tolyl-2-ethyl formate-3-ethyl octadecanoate. By MRI and IR experiment we discovered there are ester group in the products, which makes sure the feasibility of the experiment and its conditions and steps. We made MRI and IR experiment to the product petroleum sulfonates PCS made from furfural extracted oil and vacuum distillate oil, and found there are ester group and sulfonic acid group in the product.By Wilhelmy plate method we test the minimum surface tensions and critical micelle concentrations（CMC） of both Sodium petroleum sulfonates, we found the CMC of the modified petroleum sulfonates PCS made from the furfural extracted oil is 1.23×10^-3 g/L, with minimum surface tensions is 39.14mN/m. While the CMC of the modified petroleum sulfonates PCS made from the vacuum distillate oil is 1.09×10^-3g/L, with minimum surface tensions is 43.35mN/m.By spinning drop technique we test the interfacial tensions between daqing stratum water and daqing crude oil. With different matching of range of alkalinity and quality of surfactants, we try to look for the diversification of the interfacial tensions between oil and water. We found there is a best alkalinity for the PCS synthesized from furfural extracted oil, while the PCS synthesized from vacuum distillate oil can have ultra-low interfacial tensions only under high alkalinity. The mixed flooding system made from 0.3 % modified petroleum sulfonates PCS, 1.2% Na₂CO₃ and 1200mg/L polypropylene amide, can make the interfacial tensions between daqing stratum water and daqing crude oil reach 10^-3mN/m.We test the interfacial tensions of both of the modified petroleum sulfonate PCS in the calcium and magnesium ions solution. The mixed flooding system made from 0.3% modified petroleum sulfonates PCS, 1.2% Na₂CO₃ and 1200mg/L polypropylene amide, can make the interfacial tensions between the stratum water and crude oil with 600mg/L calcium and magnesium ions reach the lowest level. We found the resisting capacity to calcium and magnesium ions is obviously higher than the common sodium petroleum sulfonate, and the calcium and magnesium resisting capacity of modified products made out of vacuum distillate oil is higher than the modified products from the furfural extracted oil.更多还原