【作者】 于娜；

【导师】 李淳；

【作者基本信息】 大连轻工业学院 ， 纺织工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 亚麻是一种重要的纺织纤维，因其独特的纤维结构，使得亚麻织物具有吸湿好、挺括、穿着凉爽、舒适等特点，这是其它纤维无法比拟的，因此倍受人们的青睐，这使得人们对亚麻纤维的染色性能有了更高的要求，提高麻类织物的染整加工技术以增加其附加值已势在必行。现在人们对于改善亚麻染色性能的方法已不再只局限于传统的化学方法，而是更青睐那些污染少、效率高、资源消耗少的方法。本论文中采用了介质阻挡放电和辉光放电两种低温等离子体技术对亚麻进行处理引发接枝，同时采用混合丙烯酸和苯乙烯为接枝单体来减少均聚产物，提高接枝率，改善亚麻织物的染色性能。采用介质阻挡放电装置处理亚麻试样并进行接枝，确定混合单体的最优配比为苯乙烯：丙烯酸值为3：7，然后采用L₉（3⁴）正交表分析后发现接枝温度、接枝溶液浓度、等离子体处理时间对上染率影响程度依次减小。在实验取值范围内，认为合适的处理条件为接枝温度60℃，接枝溶液浓度80％，等离子体处理时间为4min。采用辉光放电装置对亚麻试样进行处理并进行接枝，发现在短时间内功率为10w时的上染率好于功率为5w时的上染率，而延长时间后，情况相反。而随喷头温度的升高，在70℃时上染率出现最大值。对比两种等离子体处理方式所产生的效果发现，采用介质阻挡放电设备时效果理想且成本较低，更适合于应用在工业化生产中，所以本实验更倾向于使用介质阻挡放电设备来处理亚麻试样以改善其染色性能。采用红外光谱对接枝共聚物进行表征，发现接枝后的亚麻试样红外光谱中出现了丙烯酸和苯乙烯特征吸收峰，结果证明了在亚麻大分子上接枝上了丙烯酸和苯乙烯的混合单体。采用扫描电镜对接枝共聚物的结构进行分析，结果显示亚麻纤维上覆盖了一层物质为接枝共聚物。接枝前后的亚麻试样均采用阳离子染料进行染色，分析上染率的变化，结果表明接枝前织物的上染率为22.4％，经过接枝后在最佳条件下上染率可达到57.74％，改善了其染色性能，同时通过对比接枝前后亚麻织物的染色牢度，发现其干摩擦牢度和湿摩擦牢度及耐水洗牢度都有提高。随着等离子体处理时间的增加，织物的强力有所下降。更多还原

【Abstract】 Linen is an important kind of fibers. It has good hygroscopicity、straight and upright because of its unique fiber structure. These characters are better than any other fibers. And the linen suffers the favor of the consumers all over the world. So people need the linen fiber has a high dyeability. As the development of linen fabric, improving linen fabric’s quality coloration and finishing processes technology is must be done.Compared to the chemistry method for improving linen dyeability, people prefer to the method of little pollution, high efficiency. The thesis researches initiation graft linen by using dielectric barrier discharge and glow-discharge treatment. In this thesis uses blend acrylic acid and styrene as grafting monomer to reduce homopolymers and improve degree of grafting and dyeability.Using dielectric barrier discharge initiates grafting polymerization onto linen. And the best blending ratio is styrene : acrylic acid is 3 : 7. Using L9(3~4) orthogonal analyzes the effect degree of dye-uptake. The result is grafting temperature’s effect is best and time of plasma treatment is lest. The best disposing conditions is grafting temperature 60℃, grafting concentration 80%, and plasma treatment 4 minute in the experiment range.Using glow-discharge treatment initiates grafting polymerization onto linen. In short time the dye-uptake of 10w is better than 5w. Elongating the time it is reverse. When the temperature of spray head is 70℃the dye-uptake reaches the best. When using dielectric barrier discharge treatment it can reach better effect and low cost than using glow-discharge treatment. And the equipment of former is more adapt to use in industry. Because of all above factors this thesis prefers former.Using infrared spectrum characterizes the nature of the grafting copolymer. The result manifests the characteristic absorption peak of acrylic acid and styrene taking place, which proving the acrylic acid and styrene blending monomer are grafted onto the linen macromolecule. Using scanning electron microscope analyzes the structure of copolymer. The result manifests that copolymer overlay onto the linen.Dye the linen with cationic dye. And the dye-uptake of linen which has been grafted is 57.74% but nature linen’s up-take is 22.4%. So the dye-uptake is improved. Compared the color fastness of nature linen to grafted linen, the dry rubbing fastness and wet rubbing fastness are improved. Fabric strength descends as the plasma treatment time elongation.更多还原