跨国公司内部知识共享机制研究

【作者】 邢定银；

【导师】 郑传均；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 知识是当今跨国公司核心竞争力的源泉，随着海外子公司逐渐转变为重要的知识创造者，跨国公司必须构建一种知识共享机制，以便在全球范围内获取和共享各组织单元中的国别性专有知识，维持知识竞争优势。文章基于企业内部知识市场理论和组织学习理论，通过分析跨国公司内部知识共享的过程、机理以及影响因素，最终为其构建了一种立体式的知识共享综合机制。首先，分析了跨国公司内部知识共享的过程和机理，得出跨国公司内部知识共享包括组织单元间的知识流动和组织单元内的知识吸收。前者包含知识的搜索、传递和反馈过程，其机理是知识的市场交易；后者包含知识的测度、转化和整合过程，其机理是组织单元的组织学习。其次，立足上述理论，从知识因素(知识粘性、知识国别性和知识距离)、组织结构因素(组织惰性、吸收和反馈能力)、多元文化因素(文化差异)、技术及激励因素(激励水平和激励方式)方面分析了上述过程中存在的跨国公司内部知识共享的影响因素，确定了知识共享机制构建的出发点。然后，基于以上分析，构建了跨国公司内部知识共享机制的总框架。并在此基础上，分别从学习型组织结构、学习型文化机制、技术平台、运作机制、激励机制以及绩效测评机制来构建了一个综合的知识共享机制。最后，通过案例分析，在一定程度上验证了本文提出的跨国公司内部知识共享机制方案的合理性与实用价值。文章主要的创新性研究在基于过程循环的运作机制(知识流动机制和知识吸收机制)方面，特别是“知识国别性转化”概念和模型的提出。此外，改进了一种基于过程循环和时间序列的知识共享绩效指数，作为绩效测评机制的核心方法，并构建了相应的评价指标体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Knowledge is the source of the current Multi-nationalCorporations(MNC)’s key competitiveness, as the overseas subsidiarieschange into the important knowledge creator gradually, MNC mustconstruct a kind of Knowledge Sharing(KS) mechanism, in order toobtain and share the country-specific knowledge in everyorganization-unit in the world to maintain the competition advantage ofknowledge.Based on the Intra-enterprise Knowledge Market Theory andOrganizational Learning Theory, through analyzing the process,mechanism theory and influence factor of the KS inside MNC, a kind ofstereoscopic type comprehensive KS mechanism has been finallyconstructed for MNC.First of all, the process and explaining theory of the KS in MNCwere analyzed,and that the KS in MNC includes the knowledge-Flowamong the organization-units and the knowledge-Absorption in theorganization-units was concluded. The former includes the search,delivery and feedbacks course of knowledge, its mechanism theory ismarket transaction of knowledge; The latter includes the Measurement,Conversion and Integration of knowledge, and it’s mechanism theory isthe organizational learning by Organization-units.Secondly, based on the theory described above, from the knowledgefactor (Knowledge stickness, knowledge country-specificness andknowledge distance), organizational structure factor (Organizationalinertia, absorptive and feedback capacity) multi-culture factor (culturaldifference), technology factor and stimulation factor (stimulation leveland style), the influence factors to KS inside MNC existing in the twoprocesses described above, and the starting point of the construction ofthe KS mechanism has been confirmed.Then, base on the analysis above, the total framework of the KSmechanism inside MNC has been constructed. And on this basis, acompositive KS mechanism was constructed from learning-type organizational structure, culture mechanism, technology platform,operation mechanism, stimulation mechanism and performancemeasurement mechanism.Finally, by analyzing the case, the correctness and the practical valueof the construction scheme for the KS mechanism inside MNC which thisarticle put forward have been proved to a certain extent.The article has mainly innovated in the operation mechanism(knowledge-flow mechanism and knowledge-absorption mechanism)based on the process-cycle, especially the proposition of the concept andmodel of "knowledge’s country-specificness conversion". In addition,the KS performance index (KSPI) based on the process-cycle and timeseries was improved to be the core method of the performancemeasurement mechanism, and the corresponding system of Estimationindex has been constructed, too.更多还原