【作者】 谢静；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 自1990年第一次土地详查至今已经历十多年,虽然从1996年开始了一年一度的土地变更调查,但由于社会、经济迅速发展,城市化、工业化进程加快,每年的土地利用变更调查不能准确地反映土地利用现状变化情况,影响了政府的决策。利用先进的技术方法对土地利用现状进行调查,查清土地利用现状的家底,取得图件、数据、实地三者相一致的成果已势在必行。3S技术的结合是当前空间信息技术发展的重要方向,在土地管理中具有广阔的应用前景。3S技术分别指遥感系统(RS)、地理信息系统((GIS)、全球定位系统(GPS)。在土地利用现状更新调查中,RS为GIS系统提供了可靠的数据源,GPS能迅速查到与数据库中相对应的地块,便于地块的落实和数据更新。而GIS则对RS系统提供的数据源进行了详尽的信息分析与应用。本文针对传统土地利用变更调查方法中存在的问题,以博乐市为例提出了以3S技术为主体,并结合外业调查数据,以及1:1万土地利用现状更新的技术流程和技术方法,重点探讨了基于“3S”技术土地利用变更数据库建立方法的若干关键问题及其信息系统的设计。结合3S技术特点和土地利用现状探讨了以GIS为核心的3S技术在土地利用变更调查中的应用,具有误差小、效率高,耗费的时间、人力物力少,成果资料可实现现代化管理的优点,与具体阐述了基于3S技术的土地利用变更调查数据库建立的技术路线以及3S技术在土地利用变更调查各环节的技术实现。同时本论文以系统科学理论为指导,综合运用计算机科学、土地资源管理学和GIS(Geographical Information System,地理信息系统)技术等多学科知识,应用软件工程的理论和方法,通过对土地利用数据管理业务和用户需求的分析,进行了土地利用变更调查管理信息系统的总体设计和数据库设计,建立了系统的功能框架以及集空间数据库和属性数据库于一体的土地利用数据库。在此基础上,以MAPGIS为平台,开发出基于GIS的土地利用变更调查管理信息系统。系统在功能上满足了用户对地图数据分析和处理的需要,同时实现了土地利用数据管理业务的自动化,大大提高了办公效率,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。在系统建设中所采用的软硬件配置、技术方法和系统方案等方面的经验,在今后我国土地利用管理信息系统的建设中也具有一定的推广价值和借鉴意义。初步实现了基于客户/服务器体系结构的土地利用变更调查信息系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 It’s been more than 10 years from 1990 to now, though the land-use change survey has been done once a year from 1996. With the socialized, the economical rapid development, the urbanization, the industrialization advancement speeding up. Every year land-use change survey cannot accurately reflect the land-use change situation, which affects the decision of government. It’s imperative that the graphic document, the data are all consistent by the advanced technical method to carry on the land-use survey with the present situation.The combination of 3S technology is the important direction of space information technology in current. 3S technology refer to the Remote Sensing (RS)、Geographic information system (GIS)、Global position system. In the land-use survey , RS can provided the reliable data pool to GIS. GPS can look up the land parcel rapidly corresponding in the database in order to realize the land parcel and renew the date. But GIS can analyze and apply the information Exhaustively to the date pool provided by RS. 3S technology to observe system space information obtain,store ,manage,upgrade,analyse and three that use heavy to support technology right at present, the studying and using beginning to move towards being integrated of 3S in the world.Generally speaking, RS and GPS offer the high-quality space data for GIS, but GIS is the platform dealing with these data synthetically, and instruct RS and data of GPS to be gathered conversely ,they are an organic whole.This text directs against the question that the traditional land utilizes the change to investigate that exist in the method .Based on the analysis of this text direct against the question that the additional land utilizes the change to investigate that exist in the method, taking the Bole city as the example ,combining 3S technological characteristic and land utilize current situation probe into taking GIS as the core 3S technology utilize change application of the investigation in land and the storage of large numbers of spatial data, Concrete to explain based on 3S technology land utilize technological route and 3S technology that change investigate utilize. Combine 3S technological characteristic and land utilize current situation probe into taking GIS as the core 3S technology utilize change application of the investigation in land, Concrete to explain based on 3S technology land utilize technological route and 3S technology that change investigate utilize and alter and investigate every technology of link in land.At the same time , this paper regards systematic scientific theory as guidelines, and uses computer science , land resource management and GIS (Geographical Information System , geographical information system ) such multi-disciplinary knowledge as technology ,etc. Synthetically, use the theory and method of the soft project, through utilizing analysis of data management business and user’s needs to the land, carrying on the land utilizes the change to investigate the overall design of the management information system and design of storehouse of data, have set up systematic function frame and land incorporating space database and attribute database into an organic whole and utilized the database. On this basis, regard MAPGIS as the platform, developing the land based on GIS utilizes the change to investigate the management information system. The system has met users to the data analysis of the map and need that deal with as for the function, realized the land utilizes automation of data management business at the same time, improved office efficiency greatly , have made the remarkable economic benefits and social benefit. Experience in such aspects as soft hardware disposition, technological method and system scheme adopted in systematic construction, have certain value to popularize and reference meaning too in the construction of the management information system of book of ground of our country in the future.Have realized tentatively that the land based on client/ server utilizes the change to investigate the information system.更多还原