【作者】 汤智斌；

【导师】 许鹏；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 国民经济学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放20多年的实践昭示我们，任何一个地区，要想实现经济社会快速发展，要迅速提升国家或地区的综合竞争力，不断改善人民的物质和文化生活水平，都必须坚持改革开放，不断扩大对外开放的层次和水平。长沙，作为一个中部内陆省会城市，面对21世纪国内外经济进一步开放的大趋势，提高对外开放水平、发展开放型经济是应对全球化趋势，充分利用当前良好机遇的必然选择。对对外开放的深入研究，是长沙市进一步扩大对外开放的内在要求。本文先从理论与实践上分析对外开放对经济增长的巨大促进作用，然后通过对对外开放含义的诠释，来寻求评价一个国家或地区的对外开放水平的标准。本文逐一分析了与对外开放程度相关的多项指标，最终选择了商品贸易开放进口比率、商品贸易开放出口比率、服务贸易开放比率、利用内资比率、利用外资比率和政策环境这六个主要的指标。对这六个指标采用加权平均的方法，并运用层次分析法来确定各指标的权重，设计出了一套对外开放评价指标体系。为了验证该指标体系的适用性和准确性，本文对长沙市和全国六个重要城市的对外开放水平进行了测算，并将测算的结果与世界银行和国家信息中心的报告《政府治理、投资环境与和谐社会——中国120个城市竞争力的提升》的相关内容进行比较，结果证明该指标体系具有一定程度的科学合理性。城市对外开放的目的是为了促进经济的增长和城市化的发展，本文将理论上分析的结论应用到具体的长沙市的发展上来，依据设计出的对外开放测评指标，认真分析了长沙市对外开放的特点、存在的问题，并对长沙市对外开放环境的优势、劣势与全国发达城市进行对比分析，最后提出了长沙市扩大对外开放的具体对策与建议，以此为实现“中部崛起”献计献策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The practice of over 20 years’ opening-up of China gives us an idea that opening-up is necessary to countries or areas which want to develop their economy rapidly or to promote their integrate competition or to improve people’s standard of living. As a provincial capital city of midland China, Changsha must face the currency and get hold of the opportunity of domestic and overseas opening-up in the 21st century.Studying on opening-up is essential to expand the opening-up of Changsha. In this article, we firstly analyze its main function to economy development, then we interpret the word of opening-up, so as to find some standards of evaluating the level of opening-up. Many indexes are analyzed, but only six of them are selected, which are the ratio of commodity import, the ratio of commodity export, the ratio of service trade, the ratio of using inner capital, the ratio of using foreign capital and the policy environment. We work out a set of index system of evaluating the opening-up by the weighted mean of the six indexes, and each weighing of the index is determined by using the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process. In order to validate the applicability and veracity of the system, we calculate the opening-up level of some important cities in China. The result is consistent to the report of World Bank and National Information Center about "Government fathering, investment environment and harmonious society——upgrading the competition of 120 cities in China". This proved that the index system is scientific and rational in some degrees.The purpose of city opening-up is to promote economy increasing and the urban development. We apply the result to analyze Changsha’s characteristics and problems, so as to bring forward some countermeasures for and advice to Changsha’s forward opening-up, and even to give some advice for Middle Part Growing-up.更多还原