【作者】 尹红梅；

【导师】 芦建国；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要以宁杭高速公路为依托,对其节点植物群落结构及景观绿化质量特征进行了调查研究。1.通过对节点景观植物组成与群落结构分析表明:服务区比互通区植物种类丰富;服务区与互通的阔叶乔木种类和数量明显多于针叶树;抗污染树种的应用达70%以上;靠南京的两个互通(骆家边与上兴)的植物群落生活型与北亚热带植被生活型基本一致,溧阳南与宜兴互通与中亚热带常绿阔叶林生活型接近,基本能体现地域特征;互通各绿地运用的植物种类各有差异,但是植物多样性分别与其相应植被带特征基本相符。2.通过对节点景观植物群落生态效益研究表明:植物类型、规格、数量和叶型叶量等均不同程度的影响其绿量值大小;以乔木为主体,乔灌草搭配复层式绿地其单位面积绿量通常大于单一结构的绿地;绿地的生态效益与单位绿地的叶面积成正比关系。3.通过对节点景观绿化的经济效益与景观质量研究表明:互通区绿化的生态效益(光合、蒸腾和滞尘)以货币形式进行估算,溧阳南互通绿地总绿量日产生的生态经济效益为85.7万元,即每公顷绿地日平均生态经济效益为22.3万元;东庐山服务区不同配置类型的植物群落景观效果与造价比较得出:选用中小规格的树种进行乔灌草复合群落搭配,不仅结构合理,形式多样,景观和生态效果好。4.通过对节点景观绿化质量和满意度评价表明:服务区的绿化质量是高速公路节点景观的重要体现,公众对宁杭高速公路服务区绿化总体评价较好;就其三个服务区(东庐山、天目湖和太湖)的绿化景观现状,主入口标志在47项单项指标中满意度最高(2.88%),而花木挂牌的满意度最低(1.14%)。5.通过对节点景观营建中自然与人文景观的融合研究表明:自然和人文景观在高速公路景观营造中的应用与展示要坚持以人为本,根据不同道路及其区域特征提取景观素材,使其自然、生态、文脉与公路环境和谐统一,构建高速公路地域景观特征。6.高速公路节点景观营建应按照生态位原理,把乔、灌、藤、竹、地被配置在一个种群间互相协调的生物群落中,有复合的季相和相宜的色彩,使不同生态特性的植物各得其所,充分利用阳光、空气、土地空间、养分、水分,以达到生态上的科学性、布局上的艺术性、功能上的整合性、经济上的合理性、风格上的地方性,最大限度地发挥生态、经济和社会效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article mainly conducted investigation and study of the node plant community structure and the landscape afforestation quality characteristic of Nanjing-Hangzhou expressway .1. On the foundation of nodes plant community composition and structure analysis,it conducts : The species are richer in service areas than exchanges; The type of broad-leaved trees in service areas is significantly richer than conifers; Application of anti-pollution trees is up to 70% or more;The type of plant communities in two exchanges near Nanjing (Luojiabian and Shangxing) basically live in the same type of life with North subtropical vegetation, Yixing and Liyang South exchanges with the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest can reflect geographical features; The utilization floristic component being respectively various, plant multiplicity can distinct corresponding responses the vegetation belt characteristic.2. The analysis of joint ecological landscape Community Benefit shows : Plant type, specification, quantity and so varyly influence its green size; The tree being mainstay, grass and shrub mix-green coating unit area is normally more than single structure of the Greenbelt; The ecological benefits is in proportional relationship to the flat green leaf area.3. The research of node landscape of green landscape and the quality of economic shows : Though the greenery exchange ecological benefits (photosynthesis, Dust and transpiration) to estimate the Liyangnan Greenland total exchange volume Green Day the ecological and economic benefits is $857,000, hectare greenbelt that the average ecological and economic benefits is $ 223,000; Donglushan service area configuration of the different plant communities and landscape effects of cost comparison drawn : small selection of specifications for the tree and shrub grassland complex mix of communities, not only reasonable structure, diversity, landscape and ecological effects.4. Appraisal of nodes green landscape quality and satisfaction evaluation shows : The quality of the green landscape service area is important reflection of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway afforestation; on the three regions (Donglushan. Tianmuhu and Taihu) Landscape status, Main entrance signs 47 individual indicators are most satisfied (2.88%). hanging trees and the satisfaction is lowest (1.14%).5. The research of joint construction of natural landscape and cultural landscape of fusion shows: The application and display of natural and cultural landscape in the expressway landscape creation should adhere to the people-centered. According to different road and the regional landscape feature extraction materials, make natural, ecological, historical and cultural context and expressway harmony, to construct Expressway geographical landscape features.6. Expressway construction landscape nodes should make tree, shrub, rattan and bamboo in a population of coordination among biomes, with composite quarter phase and affordable color.It should make different ecological characteristics of plants for them.Make full use of sunlight, air and land space, nutrients and moisture, to achieve ecological and scientific, layout of artistic and functional integration, economically reasonable, local style, to maximize the ecological, economic and social benefits.更多还原