德彪西歌剧《佩里亚斯与梅丽桑德》的象征内涵

【作者】 王丽娟；

【导师】 高士杰；

【作者基本信息】 西安音乐学院 ， 西方音乐史， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 克劳德·德彪西(Claude Debussy,1862-1918)是19世纪末20世纪初法国印象主义音乐的代表人,他所代表的印象主义音乐是在印象主义绘画和象征主义文学的双重影响下发展而成的。“印象主义”是德彪西风格的一个重要方面,多体现在器乐创作中;而“象征主义”则是他创作基本准则的另一个重要方面。《佩里亚斯与梅丽桑德》是印象主义音乐与象征主义文学结合的典范,剧情取自比利时象征主义作家梅特林克(Maeterlinck,1862-1949)的同名悲剧。此剧的故事情节不连贯,只是一连串象征性情景的延续;音乐总的情调含蓄、静穆,表现手法简洁、细腻,沉默是剧中常用的表情因素;演唱部分是高度语言化的,没有咏叹调,全部用近似朗诵的音调写成。“象征主义”文学主张朦胧,强调含蓄,用象征、隐喻、联想、暗示以及语言音响效果去创造深远的诗境。德彪西歌剧《佩里亚斯与梅丽桑德》在创作手法上深刻体现了象征主义的美学原则。德彪西在音乐语言与技法革新等方面给后人以很大启迪,他的音乐成为连接19世纪和20世纪最重要的桥梁之一。全文共分为四章:第一章:德彪西与印象主义音乐。主要介绍了德彪西音乐风格形成的背景;印象主义音乐的来源及印象主义绘画的特征;象征主义在音乐中的表现以及印象主义和象征主义之间的关系。第二章:歌剧《佩里亚斯与梅丽桑德》的历史学分析。介绍了梅特林克与文学戏剧《佩里亚斯与梅丽桑德》;分析了德彪西创作该歌剧的背景、德彪西看重这部戏的缘由、剧情简介以及作品的艺术特色。第三章:歌剧《佩里亚斯与梅丽桑德》的音乐技术分析。从作曲技术的角度分析作品体现的象征主义内涵,作品使用了散文化的松弛结构、象征性的主导动机和象征性场景的技术分析等手法,深入挖掘了作品内在结构中体现地象征主义美学原则。第四章:歌剧《佩里亚斯与梅丽桑德》的象征主义美学内涵。阐述了印象主义音乐的美学基础、《佩》剧体现的象征主义美学内涵、《佩》剧对20世纪西方歌剧发展的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Claude Debussy(1862-1918)was the representative of impressionistic music in France on the last of 19th century and the start of 20th century. Impressionistic music headed by him develops under the double impact of impressionistic painting and symbolist literature.“Impressionism”is an important part about Debussy’s style, it is largely embodies in instrument creation;“Symbolism”is another important part in creative basic principle.Pelleas et Melisande is a paragon of combination of impressionistic music and symbolist literature, the plot of the opera originates from the tragedy writter by the symbolist writer Maeterlinck in Belgium, which holds the same name as the opera. The opera has not a coherent plot, but a serise of symbolic scenes; the general sentiment of the music is implicit, solemn and quiet, its technique of expression is plain, fine and smooth, slience is the expression often used in the opera; Singing part of the opera is intensely languagerized and no aria, and is written by tone which is similar to riciting. However,“Symbolism”literature also claims obscure, emphasizes implicit, and it creats profound the mood of the opera by means of symbol, metaphor, imagination, hint and language sound effects. Debussy’s opera Pelleas et Melisande deeply embodies symbolic aesthetics principle. In the respects of musical language and technical innovation, Debussy’s opera enlightens posterity. His music becomes the one of the most important bridges on 19th centary and 20th century.There are four chapters in whole article:The first chapter:Debussy and impressionism music.The chapter mainly introduces the context in which Debussy’s musical style has been formed; impressionistic music’s origination and impressionistic painting’s characters; as well as symbolism expression in music and the relation between impressionism and symbolism.The second chapter: Historical analysis of the opera Pelleas et Melisande.This part introduces Maeterlinck and the literary opera Pelleas et Melisande; analysizes the background in which he created this opera, and the reason for which he emphasized this opera, scenario and the art feature of it.The third chapter: musical technical analysis about the opera Pelleas et Melisande. From the composition technics’angle, the artical analizes symbocic intension which is contained in works. The works utilizes the relaxed structure of essay. Symbolic dominant motivation, and the technical analysis of symbolic scene and so on.Therefore, it deely digs out the symbolic escthetic principle which was showed in the structure of works itself.The fourth chapter: Symbolcism escthentic intension on the opera Pelleas et Melisande. It expresses escthetic basis of impressionism music, escthetic intension of symbolism which is shown in the opera Pelleas et Melisande, and the impact on the development of opera in 20th century.更多还原