【作者】 崔令军；

【导师】 耿玉清； 王保平；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 土壤学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验以毛泡桐(Paulownia tomentosa)×白花泡桐(P．fortunei)杂交的1B，2B，4B，5B，6B，7B，8B，10B，13B及对照9501(ck)共10种泡桐无性系为研究材料，对试验地的土壤肥力特性和土壤水分特征及泡桐无性系的光合、蒸腾、水分利用效率等生理指标和地径、胸径、苗高等生长指标进行了测定，旨在进一步揭示不同泡桐无性系的生长和生理特性，为苗期选择综合性状优良的泡桐无性系提供重要的科学依据。通过研究得出的主要结果概括如下：(1)泡桐无性系栽培区土壤剖面具有明显的叠加层次；土壤受水热作用强烈，有明显的淋溶沉积现象；土壤颗粒以粉沙粒为主，以0.01～0.2mm为优势粒径，60～80cm的土层为重粘土层，具有一定的保水保肥特性；有机质、P、N含量较低，土壤容重较大。对该土壤水分特征曲线的模拟结果表明，沙土层土壤以幂函数关系显著，粘土层土壤以对数函数关系显著，总的土壤持水能力较一般沙地强，比水容重的计算结果显示，土壤吸力在1.5巴左右时是泡桐能否有效利用水分抵抗旱情的关键点。(2)综合分析研究泡桐无性系苗期的光合曲线、蒸腾曲线等得出其光合特性、蒸腾特性以及水分利用特性表明这10种泡桐无性系苗期具有较强的适应强光环境、生产和积累干物质、调控光合与蒸腾等方面的能力并有一定的差异性，通过聚类分析可将这10种泡桐无性系分为三类，第一类为2B和4B，第二类为10B、13B和ck，第三类为1B、5B、6B、7B、8B。(3)泡桐无性系苗期生长特性研究表明，除了1B，其他8种泡桐无性系在三项生长指标(地径、胸径、苗高)和两项质量指标(尖削度、高径比)和相对生长关系(地径、胸径、苗高间生长关系)都较ck有了不同程度的提高，特别是4B、5B、7B、13B提高的幅度较大，地径、胸径、苗高平均分别提高了0.72-1.12cm、0.93-1.12cm、0.42-0.68m。对10种无性系的地径、胸径及苗高的相关关系进行拟合发现，各指标之间的相关关系以幂函数拟合效果最好。(4)综合10种泡桐无性系的光合、蒸腾、水分利用特性和生长特性的研究结果，筛选出5B、7B这两种泡桐无性系的苗期综合性状比其他几种无性系具有一定的优越性，为选育综合性状优良的泡桐无性系提供了重要的苗期依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 This research was based on the ten paulownia clones were come from P.tomentosa × P. fortunei hybridized, These clones named as 1B、 2B、 4B、 5B、 6B、 7B、 8B、 10B、13B and 9501(ck). study guound diameter、 chest diameter、 height、 photosynthesis、 transpiration and so on targert of ten Paulownia clones, for the purpose of further promulgating the different Pawlownia clone the growth developmental mechanism, then provides the important scientific basis for the formulation reasonable Pawlownia cultivation and the improved variety selective breeding technology.The mainly results were listed as follow:(1) It is that the soil section of culture district has obvious level of superposing that the Paulownia clones; The soil is received hydrothermal strongly, the soil particle takes powder grains of sand as the core, as a foot-path of advantage with 0.01-0.2mm, the soil layer of 60~80cm, in order to glue the soil layer again, have certain protecting water and the fertile characteristic; Organic matter、 P、 N content are relatively low, soil unit weight is relatively great. Indicate to the simulation result of the moisture characteristic curve of this soil, the sand soil layer soil is prominent with exponential functional relation, The total soil opposes on more general sand ground in water ability strongly, the soil suction is whether the Paulownia clones can utilize moisture to resist the key of the drought.(2) Analyse and research Paulownia clones department light of seedling stage photosynthetic curve, transpiration curve,etc. obtain photosynthetic characteristic, transpiration characteristic shows 10 Paulownia clones seedling stage have stronger adaptation strong light environment, produce and accumulate material, adjust and control photosynthetic and transpiration,divided into three kinds these 10 kinds of Paulownia clones through cluster’s analysis, the first kind is 2B and 4B, the second kind is 10B, 13B and ck, the third kind is 1B、 5B、 6B、 7B、 8B(3) It is that characteristic research grows in seedling stage to indicate that the Paulownia clones except 1B, it is in three indexes of growing and two quality indexes that 8 kinds of other Paulownia clones have improvement of the one in various degree more than ck;Especially 4B, 5B, 7B, 13B improve is relatively large, ground diameter, chest diameter and height have improved 0.72-1.12cm, 0.93-1.12cm, 0.42-0.68m averagely separately; The relevant relations between every index are the best with the result of fitting of exponential function.(4) Synthesize 10 Paulownia clones photosynthetis, transpiration, moisture utilize characteristic and grow result of study of characteristic, Choose 5B, 7B two Paulownia clones seedling stage comprehensive property of department these have certain superiority than others, It is the seed selection Paulownia clones with fine comprehensive property offer the important seedling stage basis更多还原