航空涡轴发动机数学建模方法与控制规律研究

【作者】 冯海峰；

【导师】 樊丁；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文针对目前国内航空涡轴发动机非线性实时数学模型建模技术发展相对滞后的情况，通过研究某型航空涡轴发动机部件级数学模型，提取涡轴发动机的几条重要特性线，并基于这些特性线，采用特性线法建立起涡轴发动机数学模型。仿真研究表明，涡轴发动机特性线模型建模方法简单，实时性好，动稳态精度较高。 首先，论文介绍了涡轴发动机部件级数学模型的建模机理与思路，结合某型涡轴发动机，建立起该型涡轴发动机部件级数学模型，并仿真验证了数学模型的正确性和准确性。然后，根据涡轴发动机工作原理以及部件特性，结合某型涡轴发动机试验数据，提取出涡轴发动机的几条重要特性曲线，基于特性曲线，采用特性线法建立起该型涡轴发动机数学模型。仿真研究表明，该特性线数学模型动稳态特性与试验台试车数据吻合。 为研究特性线模型结构的适用性，论文将部件级模型作为真实发动机，以部件级模型仿真结果作为发动机真实信号，通过分析部件级模型仿真结果，提取出该型涡轴发动机的特性曲线，依照特性线模型建模步骤，建立该型涡轴发动机的特性线数学模型。在相同输入条件下，仿真比较两种建模方法得到的数学模型输出结果。仿真表明，两种建模方法得到的方针结果一致，动稳态过程吻合程度高。在模型的实时性方面，特性线模型更胜一筹，模型结构框架灵活，适用性好，且不需精确的部件特性数据，只需要涡轴发动机试车数据即可。建模过程更为简单易行。 文末针对涡轴发动机的控制规律，研究了两种涡轴发动机控制系统(分别为机械液压式燃油调节器和数字电子式控制器)的工作原理以及控制逻辑。在某软件平台上建立了某型涡轴发动机机械液压式燃油调节器的数学模型。对该燃油调节器数学模型的仿真研究表明，燃油调节器数学模型稳态特性符合该型燃油调节器试验台数据要求。并在仿真研究过程中得到了影响燃油调节器性能的关键结构参数。通过对某型涡轴发动机数字电子式控制器的分析，得到了涡轴发动机燃油控制系统中各种参数限制条件。并结合该数字电子式控制器正常控制模式，得更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the low-development of turbo-shaft aero-engine modeling technology of real-time nonlinear mathematical model in China, the component-based model (CBM) of X turbo-shaft aero-engine is studied in this paper. Several important characteristic curves of the aero-engine are gained by analyzing the simulation results of the CBM. Then, based on the gained characteristic curves, a real-time characteristic-curve model (CCM) of the turbo-shaft aero-engine is developed. The simulation results of the CCM show that the CCM using the new modeling technology based on the characteristic curves is simple, real-time and accuracy both on steady state and transient process.To start with, the turbo-shaft aero-engine modeling technology of CBM is introduced. Together with the component characteristic data of X turbo-shaft aero-engine, the CBM of X turbo-shaft aero-engine is set up. This model is validated by the simulation results. Then, by analyzing the data gathered from the test-bed of another turbo-shaft aero-engine, certain characteristic curves are obtained. Based on these curves, the CCM of this turbo-shaft aero-engine is established. The simulation results show the very similarity between the CCM and the test-bed data.To study the adaptability of the CCM modeling technology, the CBM simulation is seemed as the real engine to produce the data in this paper. Then, the characteristic curves are gained by analyzing the simulation data, thus the CCM of the CBM is set up. The simulation shows the high accordance between the CCM and CBM both on steady state and transient process. The compared-simulation also shows the better performance of the CCM on real-time. Another advantage of CCM is that the CCM doesn’t base on the explicit characteristic of the component. Furthermore, the CCM is adaptable, expandable and easy used in engine control system.At the end of this paper, the control law of the turbo-shaft engine is studied. Two kinds controllers (one is hydro-mechanical and the other is digital-electronic) are analyzed. The mathematical model of the hydro-mechanical controller is established更多还原