【作者】 王银爽；

【导师】 王惠民；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 流体力学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 发电厂的废热通过温排水的形式排入自然水体所造成的影响是近年来人们十分关注的环境问题，同时也是科技工作者研究的一个重要方向。为了较好的评估电厂温排水的影响，本文建立了一个用于预测评估电厂温排水对受纳水体水温分布影响情况的数学模型—平面二维有限单元水动力热输运数学模型，对温排水进入水体后的水流运动及温度扩散规律进行了研究。 主要内容有： (1) 对温排水的研究方法和前人主要研究成果进行了较为全面的总结，指出运用数学模型研究温排水运动扩散规律的必要性及可行性。 (2) 采用一种简单便捷的三角形网格生成方法生成有限单元三角形网格，运用距离最小二乘法插值补足节点高程值，良好的拟合计算区域边界并快速获得水下地形。 (3) 基于无结构三角形网格，建立了沿水深平均二维有限单元水动力数学模型，对河段的水流流态进行了研究。 (4) 在水动力计算的基础上，建立了六节点三角形单元的有限节点法温度扩散数学模型，研究水流运动对温度场的影响。 (5) 作为案例，采用本文所建的数学模型分别在大潮、小潮情况下对华能电厂温排水的水流和温度进行了计算，对大、小潮的涨潮和落潮的流场及温度场进行了分析。 (6) 采用已建成的电厂一期工程运行中水温同步实测数据，将计算所得到的流速场、潮位和温度场与其实测值进行了对比经验证，对拟建的二期工程的温排水温度影响范围及取水口温升进行了预测计算，验证结果比较理想，说明本模型可以应用于相似的工程和研究，预测结果可以为电厂设计和环境评价提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The problem of waste heat discharge into natural bodies of water is one of the environmental problems that has received considerable attention in recent years, which also is an major research content for the environment scholar. A 2-D numerical model, which using the finite element methods, is established in order to evaluate how the thermal discharge affects the water body. The main conclusions include as follows:1. The advances in the research of thermal discharge are reviewed overall. The necessary and feasibility of the application of mathematical models in the research of thermal discharge into water body are pointed out.2. A simple grid generation method is applied to gain the finite element network, and least square method was adopted for the elevation interpolation.3. A 2-Dimension mathematical model is established on unstructured triangular grids, and used to simulate hydrodynamic field.4. A mathematical model is estiblished to simulate the temperature transport and diffusion after the hydrodynamic computation. A finite nodes method based on quadratic triangular elements is adopted.5. As an application case, the model is applied to the cooling water project of Hua’neng Power Plant. The computation is conducted at situations of spring tide and neap tide. An analysis is made according to the computation results.6. Compared the computation results to the real mesured data of the first-stage project of plant, the verification of flow velocities, water depths and temperature rises is complished. As refer to the second-stage project, numerical prediction about temperature influence area and intake temperature rise of thermal effluent was made. The results of verification are merged well and the conclusions of the prediction provide the scientifical references for project design of power station and environmental assessment.更多还原