【作者】 余剑峰；

【导师】 唐渝；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 无机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 在纺织印染工业中，表面活性剂担当染色助剂的角色，染色以后，它们常被当作废液处理及排放，对环境造成一定的污染。虽然表面活性剂和染料各自的研究已经非常多，但是将两者的功能结合起来的研究还很少，本文以现有的酸性偶氮染料酸性蓝黑10B和表面活性剂结构为基础，设计合成出一系列的同时具有颜色和表面活性的新化合物 之前，本课题组有人研究过简单分子结构的有色表面活性剂BAS。BAS具有一定的表面活性，但是从染色性能方面考虑，BAS与商品染料还存在较大的差距，其上染率较低，颜色较浅，达不到我们想要的效果。为了提高其染色性能，我们参考商品染料酸性蓝黑10B的结构来合成目标产物。当长碳链加到酸性蓝黑10B后，我们就得到了一系列的最终产物—脂肪酰氨基酸性蓝黑10B。脂肪酰氨基酸性蓝黑10B表现出较好的染色性能和表面活性。同时，脂肪酰氨基酸性蓝黑10B能够牢固地附着在棉布的表面，大大地提高了上染率。但随着碳链长度的增加，它们的水溶性大大降低，部分地限制了其染色性能和表面活性。 通过初步的研究表明，把长链烷基和酸性蓝黑10B结合起来，使酸性蓝黑10B具有表面活性这个设计是可行的。而且当把化合物当作染料染到布面上时，会表现出某些表面活性剂的功能，使得染布具有良好的脱油能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Surfactants are used widely as auxiliary agents in textile and dyeing industries. They are treated as effluents after used, which cause pollution to our environment. Although there are many researches about surfactants and dyestuffs respectively, the reports of combining these two functions together are very few. In this article, a series of new compounds with both color and good surfactivity were designed and synthesized based on the structures of Acid Blue Black 10B and surfactants.Such BAS compounds with simple molecular structure have been synthesized in the report of our group. There is no denying that BAS has surfactivity, but it is wrose in dyeing effect compared with commercial dyes. The ratios of dyeing are low, and the colors are shallow, so it still cannot reach the aim we expected. In order to improve the dyeing effect, the structure of commodity dyestuff Acid Blue Black 10B is employed to synthesize the target compounds. When the long alkyls were introduced to Acid Blue Black 10B, a series of final compounds the fatty amido Acid Blue Black 10B is obtained. Fatty amido Acid Blue Black 10B compounds show a good performance in dying effect and surfactivity. They also dye fast on cotton cloth, and behave great improvement of dyeing ratios compared with Acid Blue Black 10B. When the length of alkyl chain increases, their water solubility decrease quickly and limits the dyeing effect and surfactivity partly.Thought these pilot studies, the design of zao compound with surfactivity can work by combining the long chain alkyls and Acid Blue Black 10B together. It is possible to show some functions of surfactant when they are dyed on textile, so it have a good ability in taking oil away.更多还原