【作者】 刘石鸣；

【导师】 徐达； 徐立；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 车辆工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 汽车制动性能是汽车主要性能之一，它关系到汽车的行驶安全性。ABS(Anti-Lock Braking System)制动防抱死系统是防止车轮抱死，减少汽车滑动和防止车辆侧滑的主要装置。然而，随着车辆的使用以及一些其它因素，都可能导致ABS性能下降，给车辆的安全行驶带来了隐患。因此，ABS的检测对于评估其性能十分重要。 ABS的检测手段包括道路试验检测和台架试验检测。目前的ABS测试试验主要以道路试验为主，但是国内的汽车制动试验场在路面的组成、结构及其各路面附着系数的组合上只有少数场地达到国家标准。另外，ABS台架测试仍然脱离不了实车测试，而且占地面积较大，且检验车型范围受到一定限制，给测试带来不便。 本课题就是为了能够在实验室环境下测试ABS综合性能，充分研究ABS结构原理及性能指标后，依据国外最新的台架测试方法，结合混合仿真平台dSPACE和车辆动力学模型Tesis，设计出了一种新的台架测试方案。设计方案分为两步：开环测试和闭环测试。开环测试采用信号发生器模拟轮速信号，信号传送到ABS模块，促使电磁阀动作，观察电磁阀动作；进一步采用电动机带动齿圈转动模拟轮速信号，轮速传感器接收并传送到ABS模块，通过压力传感器测试各轮缸压力变化值。闭环测试将ABS部件信号输入输出接口通过dSPACE的I／O接口相连组成回路，首先配置Tesis中的车辆动力学模型，在离线情况下验证模型的配置，最终采用回路仿真实现对ABS各种性能参数的采集以及分析。通过上述的试验方案，可以测试ABS的几大性能指标：①滑移率均值(?)、②滑移率均方差s_s、③稳定系数S_稳、④制动压力均值(?)、⑤制动压力均方差D_p。 课题初步拟定了ABS综合性能试验台架设计方案，但是基于仿真技术还不够成熟，车辆动力学模型不能与实际车辆相比，以及电磁阀控制管路压力变化中存在时间延迟等因素影响了仿真试验台架的准确性、实时性。总体上来说，该课题为ABS综合性能测试提供了具有参考价值的试验方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Automobile brake performance is one of automobile major performance, it concerns the safety of automobile traveling. Anti-Lock Braking System prevent wheels from locking, reduce the slide of automobile and prevent slide of side direction of vehicle. However, with the using of vehicle and some other factors, it can cause automobile ABS to lose its function or make its function drop, and it can bring hidden troubles for vehicle traveling.ABS testing methods include road-testing and bed-testing, actual ABS testing method is road-testing, but road surface situation and friction coefficients of the internal automobile break proving ground is not accorded with nation standard. Otherwise, actual ABS bed-testing still need whole vehicle test, and need big area of test ground. The bound of test vehicle is limited by test-bed, so that method is not applied in every test situation.The aim of this subject is to design a new scheme of test-bed for ABS in lab. According the overseas latest new method, the test-bed merge the mix simulation platform-dSPACE and vehicle model- Tesis, after the sufficient research of ABS configuration, theory and index of performance. The scheme have two step: open loop test and closed loop test. Open loop test, first use signal generator simulate the wheel speed signal, after the speed signal sent to the ABS ECU,then solenoids have action. Then electromotor drive the toothed exciter wheels, wheel speed sensors bring the signal to the ABS ECU, finally pressure sensors test the variability of pressure of every wheel pumps;Closed loop test, connect the ABS signal I/O interface in loop with dSPACE I/O interface, first configure the vehicle dynamics model of Tesis, in open loop situation validate the vehicle dynamics model, lastly, use the hardware in the loop method collect and analyse several index of performance, the average of slip ratio, stabilization coefficient, the average of break pressure etc.This subject pilot study the bed-testing evaluation method of ABS performance, But the simulation technology has not very well recently, the vehicle dynamics model can not substitute the actual vehicle, the hysteresis of hardware influence the veracity and real-time of simulation. Generally, this subject provide a new and constructive testing method of ABS performance.更多还原