【作者】 渠巍；

【导师】 周茜； 王玉忠；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 环境科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 废旧轮胎催化裂解的研究是近年来人们一直关注和不断研究的一个重要课题,对于资源利用及环境保护具有重大意义。通过催化裂解的方式对废旧轮胎进行回收,国内外已进行了大量的研究,虽然已取得了很多成果,但目前在技术及经济上仍具有不可行性的特点。因此,对废旧轮胎催化裂解行为进行深入的研究,找出影响废旧轮胎催化裂解性能的重要因素,以提高裂解速率并获得更高质量的液体产品,是当前废旧轮胎催化裂解回收研究领域的重要课题。这一课题的解决,不仅具有理论意义,而且还具有应用价值。本论文采用间歇釜式反应器,对废旧轮胎及轮胎组成中的几种主要的橡胶,包括天然橡胶(NR),聚丁二烯(BR)及丁苯橡胶(SBR)的热解和催化裂解行为进行了系统的研究,为通过催化裂解回收废旧轮胎提供坚实的理论基础。首先研究了废旧轮胎的热解和催化裂解行为,得出在废旧轮胎的催化裂解中,润滑油的加入明显地提高了废旧轮胎催化降解的反应速率;并使催化裂解产物中液体收率增加,气体和固体产物收率减少;在废旧轮胎的催化裂解产物中,润滑油的加入使得液体产物中Cl、S和N的含量与废旧轮胎单独热解时相似;但轻组分含量明显提高,重组分含量减少。其中1,8-萜二烯组分的含量由7.54%(废旧轮胎/ZSM-5)提高到13.58%(废旧轮胎/ZSM-5/润滑油);在废旧轮胎催化裂解中单独使用催化剂ZSM-5分子筛或者单独使用润滑油,均不能显著提高废旧轮胎裂解效率。润滑油的加入增强了催化剂与废旧轮胎之间的相互作用,从而增强了其催化效果;不仅可以提高废旧轮胎裂解的反应速度,还可以增加其裂解产物中具有经济价值的化合物组分的含量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, waste tires have not only caused serious environmental problems but also a huge waste of resources. Among the different alternatives for tire recycling, such as retreating, reclaiming, incineration, grinding, biodegradation, etc., pyrolysis has been proposed as a viable recycling technology. However, owing to technical problems as well as economic and legal factors, the pyrolysis processes of tires have not been cost-effective up to now.Large-scale tertiary recycling of waste tires will require efficient catalytic cracking methods. Therefore, the detailed knowledge of thermal and catalytic cracking mechanism is necessary. In this paper we systematically studied the behaviors of thermal and catalytic degradation of waste tires and the main rubber components of tires, including natural rubber (NR), polybutadiene rubber (BR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), in a batch reactor with stirring. The aims are to improve their catalytic degradation ability and at the same time control potential harmful products produced during catalytic degradation. Furthermore, it will be expected to provide a theoretical basis for recycling waste tires.First, catalytic copyrolysis of waste tires over ZSM-5 zeolite with lubricant base oil (LBO) was investigated. By combining with LBO, the ZSM-5 catalyzed pyrolysis system of tires has a sharply enhanced degradation rate. Compared to the pyrolysis without LBO, the liquid yield is increased from 33.6 % to 48.0 %, while the gas and the residue yields are decreased. In the pyrolysis oils, the content of heavy components is decreased, and the content of light oils (n-C≤12) is increased from更多还原