脉冲压缩MTI雷达信号处理机的系统设计

【作者】 续利莉；

【导师】 刘中； 韩蕴洁；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 电子与通信工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 现代作战不仅要求雷达对回波信号有足够快的处理速度以便能够对多批运动目标进行快速、准确地搜索、跟踪，同时要求对目标回波中所包含的各种信息均能够及时处理、判别和进行数据传输，以实现引导火炮、导弹等武器对目标实施攻击。而随着电子对抗、目标隐身技术的不断发展，雷达除需应对各种地、海、气象杂波干扰外，还需能够从各种人为的电子干扰背景中提取出有用的小目标信号，保证雷达与战场环境之间始终处于良好的匹配状态，这就必须具备“高灵敏、多功能、自适应”的信号处理系统。 另一方面，伴随着电子技术特别是数字信号处理(DSP)技术、超大规模集成(VLSC)数字电路技术、计算机技术和通信技术的高速发展，使得原来很多受到硬件条件限制的自适应算法得以较简单得完成工程实现，信号处理系统由此可以承担更多的处理任务，处理领域从时域、频域的自适应处理更突破至空域实时处理，从而促进雷达整体性能大为提升。 本论文以一部陆基情报雷达的信号处理系统作为论证对象，力求构建出满足现代作战需求的数字信号处理机。论文按照系统论证的脉络，首先阐述如何根据不同的作战需求选择合适的信号形式，然后按信号处理流程，分别阐述了A／D变换器(ADC)、脉冲压缩(PC)、动目标显示(DMTI)、自适应副瓣对消(ASLC)、副瓣消隐(SLB)、恒虚警电路(CFAR)、目标提取和杂波图等信号处理组成单元的工作原理及工程实现方案，并通过论证选择了合理的工作参数，在此基础上总结出一个较为完整的信号处理系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 In modern warfare, it requires the radar having adequate processing speed on echo to realize accurate and fast search & track on multi-targets, meanwhile, it also requires the radar performing processing, judgment and data transmission in all the information within the echo to realize attack by guiding artillery and missile. Along with the development of ECM and target stealth technology, besides countering ground, sea and weather clutter, it requires the radar having capability of extracting useful small target under all kinds of contrived electronics jamming so as to keep good matching status between radar and battlefield. Thus, the radar should adopt a "high sensitivity, multi-function and adaptive" signal processing system.Moreover, along with rapid progress of DSP, VLSC digital circuit, computer and communication technology, some adaptive arithmetic that previously restricted by hardware conditions can be easily realized into engineering. So, the signal processing system can burden more adaptive processing tasks in time domain, frequency domain and even in airspace real-time processing to greatly enhance system performance.This article is based on the scientific research task that borne by the author. It takes the signal processing system of ground based intelligence radar as the demonstration object, and strives to configure the actual signal processor that satisfies the requirement of modern warfare. According to system demonstration structure, this article begins with description of suitable signal type for different operational requirements, then following the flow of signal processing, the operation principle and engineering implementation of each subunit of signal processor are presented, such as (A/D converter(ADC), pulse compression(PC), digital moving target indication(DMTI), adaptive side-lobe cancellation(ASLC), side-lobe blanking(SLB), constant false alarm rate(CFAR), target extraction and clutter map. After demonstration, the reasonable operation parameter is selected, thus a complete signal processing system is established.更多还原