【作者】 茹彩霞；

【导师】 昝林森；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验通过体外模拟瘤胃装置比较了黑麦草、苜蓿、麦秸、玉米秸、青贮玉米秸等五种粗饲料的产气性能和发酵性能,并研究了苜蓿添加到黑麦草、麦秸、玉米秸、青贮玉米秸中的组合效应。结果表明:黑麦草、苜蓿、麦秸、玉米秸、青贮玉米秸在12h、24h、48h的累计产气量和产气参数a、b、a+b、c差异极显著（P<0.01）;五种粗饲料经48h体外培养后的DM、NDF降解率差异极显著（P<0.01）,并且苜蓿的DM降解率最高,次之是青贮玉米秸、黑麦草、麦秸、玉米秸;对于NDF的降解率苜蓿最高,次之是黑麦草、青贮玉米秸、玉米秸、麦秸;五种粗饲料对模拟瘤胃内的pH值、NH₃-N浓度都有极显著的影响（P<0.01）。黒麦草、麦秸、玉米秸、青贮玉米秸中添加0%、25%、50%、75%、100%的苜蓿在12h、24h、48h的累计产气量及其估测产气参数值a、b、a+b、c、DM和NDF降解率之间差异极显著（P<0.01）,DM、NDF降解率随苜蓿添加量的增大而增大,并且添加苜蓿的DM、NDF降解率均高于未添加时的降解率。黑麦草中苜蓿占到25%、50%、75%时,在12h、48h的累计产气量上的组合效应均显著（P<0.05）,对于24h的产气量的组合效应,苜蓿添加25%、50%都达到了显著（P<0.05）,但添加75%时不显著（P>0.05）,产气效应随着添加量的增加正效应降低;黑麦草中添加25%、50%、75%时对DM降解率的影响不显著（P>0.05）,添加25%、50%对NDF的降解率影响显著（P<0.05）,75%时达到了极显著（P<0.01）。DM、NDF的降解率在添加75%时产生的正效应最高,次之是25%、50%。苜蓿占25%时对麦秸在12h产气量上的组合效应不显著（P>0.05）,50%时显著（P<0.05）,75%时达到了极显著（P<0.01）;当苜蓿占到25%、50%、75%时,对麦秸在24h、48h的累计产气量和DM、NDF降解率上的组合效应均显著（P<0.05）。麦秸中添加量增大时,12h、24h、48h、DM和NDF降解率的组合效应随之增大,并且在添加75%时达到最大。玉米秸中添加25%、50%、75%的苜蓿时,在12h累计产气量上的组合效应极显著（P<0.01）,24h时添加25%、50%的苜蓿的组合效应极显著（P<0.01）,添加75%时显著（P<0.05）;48h时添加25%的苜蓿的组合效应极显著（P<0.01）,50%、75%时显著（P<0.05）;添加25%、50%、75%的苜蓿对玉米秸DM、NDF降解率的影响显著（P<0.05）。苜蓿占25%对12h、24h、48h产气量的组合效应最高,75%时最低;以DM、NDF降解更多还原

【Abstract】 The study was the determination of in vitro fermentation and gas production characteristics of 5 forages.And influence of in vitro fermentation and gas production characteristics when alfalfa addition to ryegrass,wheatstraw,cornstalk,cornsilage. The results of experiment showed that 5 sorts of roughages affected gas production at 12h,24h,48h,gas permeters,a,b,a+b,c,degradability of DM, NDF at incubated time 48h significantly（P<0.01）.And alflafa’s degradability of DM washigherthanryegrass,cornsilage,cornstalk,wheatstraw.alfalfa’sdegradability of NDF was higherthanryegrass,cornsilage,cornstalk,wheatstraw.5 forges significantly affected ruminal pH,NH₃-N at the end of 48h（p<0.01）.Addition of alflafa significantly affected gas productin at 12h,24h,48h and gas permeters a,b,a+b,candDM,NDFdegradability among forage（P<0.01）.DM,NDF degradability increased with the addition of alfalfa,and was higher than no addition the addition of alfalfa to ryegrass significiantly affected combinational effect of gas production at 12h,48h.For 24h,addition 25%,50% of combinational effect wasgreater（P<0.05）,but 75% was no significiant. Combinatinal effect for gas was increased with addition of alfalfa.At the hand of DM degrdability,the addition of alfalfa was no significiant,but for NDF degradabiltiy,addition of 25%,50% was significiant,and 75% was greater.For DM,NDF degradability ,75% was higher than 25%,50%.The addition of 25% alfalfa to wheatstraw was no different gas production but 50% was significiant（P<0.05）,75% was greater（P<0.01） at 12h. gas at 24h,48h,and DM,NDF degradability were significiant with the addition of alfalfa to wheatstraw （P<0.05）.Combinational effect for gas,DM or NDF degradability was increased with addition,and 75% was highest.The addition of alfalfa to cornstalk significiantly affected combinational effect of gas更多还原