【作者】 覃柳燕；

【导师】 曾涛； 韦绥概；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文研究了38科89种植物98个样品对褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens Stal）的产卵忌避作用、驱避作用和触杀作用，进一步测定了有效植物萃取分离物和硅胶柱层析分离物对褐飞虱的生物活性，并初步探讨了活性组分的作用机理。结果如下： 产卵忌避作用： ①在10g／L浓度下，多数植物提取物对褐飞虱有不同程度的产卵忌避活性，有12种植物24h产卵忌避率达到50％以上，其中以断肠草枝叶Gelsemium elegans、红楝子枝叶Toona sureni和鸦胆子Brucea javanica活性最强，24h产卵忌避率分别为79.22％、76.63％和76.08％。 ②红楝子和断肠草氯仿萃取物活性较高，24h产卵忌避率分别为98.17％和90.26％；其次为红楝子乙酸乙酯萃取物和鸦胆子脂溶部分，产卵忌避率分别为88.70％和86％；其它分离物均在65％以下。 ③红楝子氯仿萃取物5个硅胶柱层析分离物中，样1的产卵忌避作用最好，24h平均产卵忌避率达79.06％，产卵忌避中浓度(ODIC₅₀)为4.61g／L；其次为样5，产卵忌避率为72.47％，ODIC₅₀为5.24g／L。 驱避作用： ①在浓度为10g／L下，有8种植物提取物对褐飞虱3龄若虫24h驱避率大于50％，分别是苦木Picraasma quassioides（70.57％）、灵香草Lysimachia foenum-graecum（68.87％）、巴豆Crotin tiglium（68.64％）、鸦胆子（54.38％）、红楝子枝叶（53.75％）、断肠草枝叶（53.53％）、番荔枝Annona squamosa（52.45％）和了哥王Wikstroemia indica（50.21％）；其它提取物对褐飞虱3龄若虫驱避效果较差，驱避率均低于50％。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this thesis, the effects on oviposition deterrent, repellent and contact poison of 98 extracts from 38 families 89 species of plants were evaluated against Nilaparvata lugens Stal. Bioactivities of the isolations and action mechanism of the active components were studied further by the laboratory bioassay. The main results were as follows:Effects on oviposition deterrent:①When tested concentration reached 10g/L, most of crude extracts had some oviposition deterrent activities in different degree to N. lugens. There were 12 species of plants of which oviposition deterrent indices (ODI) in 24h had more than 50%. The extracts of branches and leaves of Gelsemium elegans, branches and leaves of Toona ciliata and Brucea javanica had the best effects with ODI in 24h reached 79.22%, 76.63% and 76.08% respectively.②The chloroform extracts of T. ciliata and G elegans had strongeractivities than others, which the ODI were 98.17% and 90.26% respectively. Thenext best were ethyl acetate extracts of T. ciliata and grease-dissolved part of B.javanica with ODI were 88.70% and 86% respectively. The ODI of otherisolations were all under 65%.③Effects on oviposition deterrent activities of the isolations of chloroform extracts of T. ciliata treated by silica gel column showed that the band 1st had更多还原