工程机械多功能试验台控制程序设计和加载系统的仿真

【作者】 师宇；

【导师】 冯忠绪；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 工程机械多功能综合试验台是长安大学根据工程机械工作装置和牵引性能研究的需要，结合先进的二次调节加载技术和DCS控制系统，新建的新型工程机械综合试验设备。 对试验台进行了整体介绍，并介绍了试验台所采用的二次调节加载技术的原理和国内应用情况，对比了与国内其它同类型试验台的异同点。 其次，为对试验台控制系统的体系有进一步认识，单独拿出试验台控制系统进行详细分析，明确控制系统体系特点和各组成部分的功能，并根据试验台控制需要，细致分析了恒速控制和加载控制过程。 再次，认识到PLC是整个控制系统的核心后，在对西门子S7-300PLC全面了解的基础上，根据试验台工作时的控制要求和第二章推导出的恒速控制和加载控制过程，通过S7-300PLC的编程软件STEP7，用梯形图语言编写出PLC控制程序，并进行程序调试试验，程序基本实现了控制要求。 最后，建立二次调节加载系统数学模型，并对模型进行简化。针对二次调节加载系统的非线性和时变特性，结合模糊PID自整定的控制方案，通过Matlab／Simulink软件，建立加载系统模糊PID自整定控制模型并仿真。仿真结果表明采用模糊PID自整定控制后使得二次元件输出动态响应性能大大改善，达到了预期的目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Construction machinery multifunction experimenting platform is a newly-built synthetic construction machinery experimenting equipment in Chang’an University , which adopts advanced technologies of secondary adjusting loading and the distributed control system , to meet the researching needs of the working equipment of construction machinery and traction performance.Firstly, the experimenting platform was introduced as a whole in the paper, then the principle of secondary adjusting technology and domestic application were introduced , the similarities and difference were found comparing with other secondary adjusting loading equipment.Secondly, control system of experimenting platform was specially analyzed for further understanding . According to the needs of controlling , the processes of constant velocity control and loading control were particularly deduced.Thirdly , PLC is the core of whole control system. Based on comprehensive understanding to Simens S7-300 PLC , according to the control requirement and the processes of constant velocity control and loading control which were deduced in chapter 2. PLC control program was programmed by using software STEP7 and ladder diagram language. PLC control program basically achieved control requirement by program debugging.Finally , the mathematical model of secondary adjusting loading system was set up and simplified. Pointing at nonlinear of secondary adjusting loading system , fuzzy auto-tuning PID mathematical model was set up and simulated by using Matlab/Simulink software. Simulation results implied that output dynamic response performance of secondary element improved greatly by adopting fuzzy auto-tuning PID control, the results attained expect aim .更多还原