节点文献
与建筑物有关的空间权问题研究
【作者】 张旸;
【导师】 田土城;
【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 , 法律, 2006, 硕士
【摘要】 随着城市化进程的加快,城市土地资源的稀缺性与发展需求的矛盾日益加剧,城市建筑业逐步向高层化和立体化发展,土地的立体利用越来越普遍,空间利用纠纷也相应增加。空间权是一种物权,与不动产物权息息相关。空间权方面的问题往往与建筑物有关,对与建筑物有关的空间权问题加以研究具有重要意义。本文比较了国外不同国家法律对空间权的规定,着重研究了空间权的产生背景、发展现状、空间权对物权制度的影响、空间权与土地所有权的关系、与建筑物有关的空间权法律制度、建筑物基地使用权的空间形态、空间权的限制和空间施工的义务等。 在空间权的法律规定方面,比较有代表性的是美国法和德国法。美国法确立了土地所有权的有限性原则,打破了土地所有权“上达天宇”,“下及地心”的空间原则,为美国大规模立体开发城市土地奠定了法律基础。德国民法提出了次地上权概念,在设定了地上权之后,还可以再次设立次地上权,使得土地上下空间得以脱离地表而独立成为物权的客体。美国法和德国法的实质区别在于,美国法承认空间所有权,而德国法的空间权则是一种地上权、用益物权。日本将空间权也视为一种独立的财产权。其核心思想是将土地未利用之空间与地表割离,使其成为独立于土地所有权之权利客体。2000年5月,日本制定了公共利用大深度地下空间的特别措置法,规定深度40m或持力层+10m以下大深度地下空间,在三大都市圈,可以作为不涉及私有权的公共空间加以利用。 如何看待空间权和土地所有权的关系,空间权究竟独立于土地所有权,还是依附于土地所有权。经过研究发现,土地所有权的有限性原则更有利于空间权制度的建立和发展。因为,远离地表的空间与地表之间已无甚联系,仍将其纳入土地所有权的范畴会使土地所有权的范围过于宽泛,不利于对空间的开发利用。因此,我国在建立空间权制度时,应考虑承认空间所有权,形成空间所有权与空间利用权并存,相互补充的格局。 地下空间权的空间范围,即土地使用权与地下空间所有权的界限该如何确定
【Abstract】 Along with city unceasing development, city land more and more few, city high-rise construction more and more many, the space dispute are more and more many with development land space. The space right is one kind of real right, the space right and the real estate relations is close, and most with building related, studies the building the space right question to have the vital significance. This article has compared the different national law to the space right stipulation, has studied the space right production background, the development present situation, the space right emphatically to the real right system influence, the space right and the land ownership relations, and the building related space right law system, the building base right of use space shape, the space right limit and the space construction duty and so on.In the space right legal rule aspect, compared with has representatively is American law. American law has established the land ownership limit principle, has broken the land ownership infinite space principle, has laid the legal foundation for the American large-scale three-dimensional development city land. Japan also regards as the space right one kind of independent property rights.How regards the space right and the land ownership relations, the space right is actually independent in the land ownership, attaches in the land ownership. After the research discovery, must limit the land ownership for the space right system establishment and the development. Because, is far away the surface between the underground space and the surface is not a body, should not stipulate it in the land ownership. Therefore, our country in establishment space right system time, should consider the acknowledgement space property rights, form the space property rights and space use right coexist, supplemented mutually pattern.The underground space right space scope, how namely land-use right and should the underground space property rights boundary determine? The space right has the
【Key words】 space right; land-use right; right to the use of curtilage; the space right Limit;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 郑州大学 【网络出版年期】2006年 12期
- 【分类号】D913
- 【被引频次】6
- 【下载频次】351