【作者】 汪文昌；

【导师】 王可； 陈欣；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 数控机床是提高产品质量和生产率必不可少的物质手段。机床数控改造是恢复机床生命力的有效方法,其成本低、周期短,并能增强原机床技术性能指标,这已经成为适合我国国情,促进制造业技术进步的重要手段。目前,石油行业迫切需要数控加工技术对螺纹牙型进行修复,因而,研究螺纹修复技术具有十分重要的意义。 本文在研究数控技术国内外发展概况的基础上,提出了建立开放式数控系统的必要性。通过分析标准机床上螺纹工件的定位问题,确定了在已有螺纹工件轴向和周向均不确定的情况下任意装夹,通过对某一螺纹沟槽的对刀,结合位置确定方法把螺纹修复工件的位置、螺纹修复轨迹完全定位于工件坐标系中。采用PC+运动控制单元结构形式的数控系统,将CAK6150简易数控车床改造成为集开放式数控系统和闭环控制于一身的数控车床。该数控系统的建立包括软件和硬件的结构设计。应用数控系统的运动控制单元的高速位置捕获功能及与主轴完全同步的光电编码器的反馈信号,补偿车床的起刀点信号和原螺纹轨迹起点之间的偏差,在车床上完成了螺纹修复技术的应用研究,实现了“螺纹重复切削”功能,解决了加工螺纹的乱扣问题。进一步完成了自动编程和加工动态仿真软件的设计,软件包括主控模块、修复参数输入模块、数控代码生成模块、修复螺纹仿真模块。在软件中只需输入关键的参数,即可生成螺纹的数控加工程序并进行加工动态仿真,以检验数控程序的正确性。 改造后的机床系统可靠性高、性能稳定、操作界面友好、降低了操作者的劳动强度,提高了生产率,达到了预期的目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 CNC machine is an essential material means to improve the quality of product and the productivity. Reconstruction of machine by using CNC system, which has the characters of low cost and short period, is an efficient means to restitute the machine, meanwhile, it can reinforce the old technology index. This means promotes the progress of the manufactory industry, which is adapted to the circumstance of our country. Currently, according to the urgent need of the NC machining technology, which repairs the thread groove of the screwed workpieces in oil industry, it is very important to study the technology of repairing screw thread.Based on studying numerical control technology about development general situation of abroad and home in this thesis, the necessity of building Open NC system is put forward. Through analyzing the problem of position-setting for the thread workpiece on the standard NC lathe in the theory, the workpiece is determined to be fixed without precise position-setting in both axial direction and circumferential direction, the screwer is adjusted by one thread groove. The finding position algorithm for the screw workpiece and the thread trace is applied, then the position of the workpiece and the screw track are located exactly in the workpiece coordinate system. With the NC system which integrates the personal computer and the movement controller, the simple NC system of CAK6150 lathe is improved to NC system of integrating the Open NC system and closed-loop control method. To build Open NC system includes configuration design of software and hardware. High speed position capture function of the movement controller and the feedback signal of the photoelectric encoder which is synchronizing with main axle absolutely are applied, the offset between the actual starting point and the thread groove starting point is compensated. The theory of repairing screw thread technology is applied on the improved lathe. The continuously function of resumption thread cutting is achieved and the trace disorder problem is solved. Furthermore, the auto-program and dynamic emulation software is designed. The software includes main control softwaremodule, repairing parameters input module, numerical control code build module and repairing screw emulation module. In this software, as long as the key parameters are inputted, the NC program will be created out immediately, and the dynamic emulation will be accomplished to check up the validity of the NC program.It shows that the reconstructed system has high reliability, steady capability and friendly interface. The productive efficiency is improved, and the anticipant target is achieved.更多还原