【作者】 李晓峰；

【导师】 张金生；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 无线电物理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 平面型天线以其低剖面结构和低副瓣辐射特性,已逐渐成为天线研究中的一个热点,在微波频段,缝隙天线由于便于制造,便于馈电而备受关注。 本文对缝隙辐射的原理、缝隙天线的结构作了探讨,分析了缝隙天线设计中各结构参数对其性能的影响,并在此基础上提出一种平面型缝隙天线的设计方案,它具有以下的特点:(1) 采用分层结构,以不同的介电系数和微带线结构形成对电磁波的有效引导;(2) 利用微带线构成馈电网络可以方便地与辐射缝隙进行匹配;(3) 增大缝隙的宽度,并利用馈电微带线的枝节形成双谐振,以增加天线的带宽。对所设计的天线结构进行了大量的模拟验证,取得了满意的数值结果,并实际制作了实验天线,给出了天线辐射方向图,电压驻波比,输入阻抗等主要参数。 实验结果表明,该结构天线具有良好的输入特性及辐射特性,可方便地用于组阵,构成强定向、低副瓣的波束,以满足一定的波束覆盖要求,能充分利用信号的发送功率,减小电磁干扰;同时,它又保持了平面天线低剖面、体积小、结构简洁的特点。 对天线的参数稍作调整可适用于不同频段的通信系统,尤其是微波通信系统,更能体现其结构优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 With its favorable characteristics of low side-lobe radiation and compact structure, the planar array antenna has already become a focus of antenna research. At microwave frequency band, the slot antenna has attracted much attention, because it is convenient to feed and easy to produce.In this thesis, the radiation principle and the structure of slot antenna are studied and the impacts on its performance of every structure parameter in a slot antenna design are analyzed. On this foundation, a design plan of planar slot array antennas is proposed. The design has some structural feature as follows: (1) with different dielectric layers and microstrip line structure to guide the electromagnetic wave effectively;(2) the feeding network formed of microstrip line can match with the radiating slots expediently;(3) in order to increase the bandwidth of the antenna, the wider slot and branched feeding microstrip line are adopted to form a double resonance. A large number of simulative experiments have been made to verify the design, and satisfactory numerical results have been obtained. Some experimental antennas have been made actually and the main parameters have been provided, such as radiation pattern, VSWR and input impedance ,etc.The experimental results indicate that this type of antenna with planar structure is thin, small and simple, the antenna has nice input characteristic and radiation characteristic and can be used to compose slot array antennas conveniently to form a narrow beam with low side-lobe and can utilize the signal power fully and reduce the electromagnetic pollution effectively.If its structure parameter can be adjusted slightly, the antenna can be used in other communication systems with different frequency bands, especially in the microwave communication system, which can reflect its structural advantage even more.更多还原