【作者】 刘晓；

【导师】 陈正江；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 地理信息系统(Geography Information System,GIS)是当代信息技术(InfomationTechnology,IT)新的热点研究领域之一,在国民经济建设、资源与环境管理、国防与国家安全、旅游与社会文化等各领域,均具有广范的应用。在现实的应用开发中,GIS的功能与所选用的GIS平台软件密切相关。目前流行的商用GIS平台软件在空间分析功能方面差异较大,以ArcGIS等为代表的一类发展成熟的GIS平台软件在空间分析方面功能较强,但具有价格昂贵、系统复杂、培训及维护成本高等缺点,从而在一定程度上限制了这些软件的普及与推广使用。 本文系统的研究了栅格数据常用的空间分析方法及基于栅格数据的空间建模方法,归纳了各种栅格数据空间分析方法的使用条件及相互区别与联系。在此基础上,利用面向对象技术,研制、开发了一个基于栅格数据的GIS空间分析工具——RasterTools。该工具简单实用,界面友好,使用的数据格式全部为明码文件。除了使用系统中预定义的空间分析功能外,还可以通过更改已有空间分析脚本,或编写全新的空间分析脚本的方法,实现更为丰富的空间分析和空间建模功能。 更进一步。顺应GIS软件发展的新潮流,分析、研究了ComGIS软件开发所依赖的技术基础,包括COM、OLE、ActiveX等内容,成功研制了一个新的GIS组件—RasterToolsObj。该组件以ActiveX控件的形式向客户提供了对栅格数据进行浏览、查询、空间分析等操作的功能,用户可以很方便的在自己的应用系统中实现与RasterTools系统工具相同的功能。RasterTools、RasterToolsObj两个产品为用户提供了在不同层面上实现对栅格数据进行操作的各种方法。在与传统信息系统耦合、嵌入开发及软件的开放性、可扩展性、使用复杂性及降低开发成本等各方面本软件均展现出明显的优势。 本文最后探讨了两个研究成果的应用领域和推广前景,并通过实际系统的开发,对RasterTools和RasterToolsObj两个成果进行了检验。结果证明,GIS系统工具RasterTools以及基于COM技术开发的ActiveX控件RasterToolsObj,具有较强的栅格数据处理功能并能提供灵活的栅格数据空间分析方法,特别是该组件具有的可以执行脚本语言的特点,更拓展了它的应用范围。这两个成果完全可以满足一般GIS应用项目的要求。 伴随计算机软硬件水平的不断提升,栅格数据在GIS应用项目中必将起到越来越重要的作用。RasterTools系统以及基于COM技术开发的RasterToolsObj控件成本低廉,功能专业,为基于栅格数据的GIS系统开发提供了一条捷径。同时由于两个产品功能专一,有灵活的脚本编写功能,因而也可以用于教学、科研等领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 GIS (Geography Information System) is a new hotspot of IT. It is widely used in many aspects such as resource and environment management. The function of a GIS system is closely related to the GIS software it uses. There is a wide difference of the spatial analysis functions among the popular used GIS software. Some widely used GIS software, such as ArcGIS, is powerful in spatial analysis. But its high price, complicated operation, costly system maintenance fee made it a barrier for these software to be widely usedIn this article ,the spatial analysis methods and spatial modeling methods are studied, and the application area, difference and c orrelation between these methods are analyzed. With the usage of object orient programming, GIS software RasterTools is developed. This software uses pure text file as its data format. Its function is limited to spatial analysis and is easy to use. But for its integrated spatial analysis functions, users can expand its function by means of self written spatial analysis script.Also in this article, ComGIS technology is studied. As a result of the application of these technology, GIS control RasterToolsObj is developed. This control give an access for the system developer to adding GIS functions into their system, just as the functions RasterTools can do. The two software, RasterTools and RasterToolsObj, made it possible for the users to manipulate raster data on different levels. And it is valuable in many areas such as coupling with traditional MIS, embed development, expandability, operation complexity, reducing system costs etc.At the end, the application future is talked about and an application system is developed. In these application it is proved that RasterTools and RsterToolsObj software are all powerful in raster data manipulation, and can do complicated spatial analysis. With the merit of script running, it can meet almost all demands of raster based GIS system.With the development of computer software and hardware, raster data will run a more important role in GIS project. RasterTools and RasterToolsObj software is cheap and powerful, and is a shortcut for GIS system development.更多还原