【作者】 侯志刚；

【导师】 宋建农；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 由于传统的免耕播种机大部分都采用破茬开沟部件,在播种过程中往往会出现堵塞情况,严重影响了播种质量和播种效率。本文在研究现有开沟器存在的问题和不足的基础上,设计了一种新型免耕覆盖往复冲孔式播种机,该机用穴播方式代替破茬分草和开沟,有效的避免了开沟器的堵塞。整个播种过程包括排种、接种和放种三个阶段:往复冲孔式开穴机构的曲柄每旋转一周,驱动一次排种轮排种,确保了开穴器的成穴与排种轮的排种是协调进行的:控制阀门的开启和闭合完全取决于调节嘴相对于控制板的位置和运动方向,不受作业速度及土壤条件的干扰和影响,保障了放种的精确度,避免了漏种现象,满足了作物播种深度的要求:接种过程设计在曲柄运动到最高点时的区域,接种口相对于导种管具有较低的速度,保证了接种时间的充分性。本文还重点对往复冲孔式开穴器进行了运动学和动力学研究,建立了各自的数学模型,着重分析了在不同播速和插动角的条件下,开穴机构运动轨迹曲线的变化对播种性能的影响。最后进行了样机的试制和田间试验,设计了单因素试验方案,分析了机器前进速度对播种深度、株距和空穴率等播种性能的影响,得出了较理想的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because the tradition no-tillage planter adopt to the trash destroyer and the disk coulter, will usually appear to stop the circumstance in sowed seeds process, affecting the drilling quantity and sowing efficiency seriously. On the foundation of study problem and weakness of the coulter, the paper designs a kind of new no-tillage Push-pull Punching planter, which sows with the hill-dropping that replaces to the trash destroyer and the disk coulter, avoiding the disk coulter stop. Whole sowing process includes dropping, receiving, discharging with three stages: The movement of the no-tillage Push-pull Punching planter at the same time to drive the feed wheel rotating, guaranteeing that opening the cave is synchronous proceeding with dropping; Control gate for opening and shutting completely being decided by regulating mouth oppositely to control knothole position and exercising direction, not summit to work speed and conditional of soil interference, guaranteeing discharging accuracy and avoiding leaking to grow the phenomenon, satisfying crop sowing depth; Receiving the process is designed when the crank exercises the apogee of district, receiving mouth opposite to the conveying tube has lower speed, guaranteeing sufficient time of receiving. This paper studies the kinetics and the dynamics of Push-pull Punching machine, establish mathematics models, emphasize to analyze the curvilinear variety of opening carve machine influence to seeding function at sowing speed and moving with different angles. Finally proceeding the machine manufacture and experiment in the field, design the single factor experiments, analyze machine working spced and moving with different angle influence to the seeding depth、 distance of stub、 cave rate etc. get a reasonable conclusion.更多还原