【作者】 闵海华；

【导师】 康建雄；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 垃圾渗滤液是垃圾在卫生填埋或堆放过程产生的一种高浓度有机废水,由于渗滤液的水质水量变化大,含有多种有害污染物质,其对周边环境尤其是对土壤和地下水的污染很大,对人类的生产和生活构成了危险。本文在这种背景下针对渗滤液、在土壤和地下水中的迁移转化规律作了初步的研究,通过研究氮类的迁移转化来研究渗滤液对土壤和地下水影响程度和规律,并就已被污染的土壤和地下水提出了生物修复的理论。本文的研究概要大致如下:分析了城市生活垃圾的组成和影响因素、渗滤液产生的机理以及渗滤液对环境地质的影响。通过划分土壤层理结构,对渗滤液氮类污染物在土壤和地下水中的迁移作了系统分析;从化学反应和生物作用的角度,对其转化作用作了机理分析,氮类转化是硝化、反硝化和吸附作用等几个主要化学动力学过程。通过土柱试验装置,对数学模型所要涉及到的参数进行了测定,如土壤含水率、土壤水力学参数、平衡吸附和硝化反应速度常数。除了室内试验,还进行了野外现场观测试验。本文在前人的研究基础上构建了数学模型,并用现场监测的数据对数学模型进行了检验,检验结果表明该模型能够反映垃圾填埋场场地渗滤液、在土壤和地下水迁移转化规律。就渗滤液对土壤和地下水的污染状况,本文提出了原位生物修复技术,本就原位生物修复技术中的供给系统、微生物、表面活性剂、阻塞控制以及通风和供氧进行了研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Leachate is kind of highly concentrated organic wastewater yielding from the processes of MSW(municipal solid waste)landfill or packing. Since the fluctuation of quality and quantity, and full of harmful pollutants, leachate pose pollution to the environment around the landfill, especially to soil and groundwater. On this background, preliminary study on transfer and transformation of 、 from leachate in soil and groundwater was carried out, which could be used to describe the degree and law of leachate pollution to environmental geology. Factors affecting the composition of MSW、generation mechanism of the leachate and effects of leachate on environmental geology were discussed. According stratification study of the tested soil, transfer and transformation of nitrogen contaminants from leachate in soil and groundwater were systematically analyzed. In accordance with chemical and biological reactivity, transformation mechanism of nitrogen contaminants was discussed. Nitrogen transformation was carried out by the integrated chemical dynamic process of nitrification, denitrification and adsorption. Through soil column test, parameters of the integrated simulation model, such as soil content、groundwater hydraulic parameters、the equilibrium adsorption equation of 、the rate constant of nitration reaction were determined. In addition to laboratory experiments, field surveys were also adopted. The experimental data were applied to determine parameters and validation of the model. The results show that mathematic model can describe the law of transfer and transformation of 、 from leachate in soil and groundwater.According to the degree and law of leachate pollution to soil and groundwater, in situ bioremediation were conducted. The questions involved in in situ bioremediation ,which were feedway、microorganism、the cosurfactant、block control、aeration, were studied in detail.更多还原