【作者】 李灿；

【导师】 饶景萍；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 果树学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以富平‘尖柿’为试验材料，于低温条件下分别采用有孔和无孔的聚乙烯袋进行包装，以研究薄膜包装的保湿和限气作用对于柿采后软化的控制，以及该方法对柿后熟衰老过程中呼吸速率、乙烯生成、细胞膜透性、硬度、细胞壁结构物质降解、相关水解酶活性等生理变化以及可溶性总糖、单宁、Vc 等品质因子的影响。探讨了不同形式的薄膜包装对果实软化的控制作用，以期为薄膜包装在柿贮藏保鲜上的应用提供一定的理论依据。研究结果表明：普通冷藏条件下，未包装的尖柿极易失水萎蔫，导致果实皱缩、失去光泽、丧失商品性和食用价值，失水萎蔫也同果实的呼吸速率增强、乙烯大量合成及果肉的迅速软化有着较密切的关系。有孔的 PE 膜包装(总通气面积为 0.15%，孔经 0.7cm)无限气作用，却有良好的保湿性，通过抑制柿的蒸腾失水，减少了乙烯释放量及呼吸速率的提高，在一定程度上抑制了 PG 和 Cx 活性，延缓了果胶及纤维素的降解，能较好地保持尖柿的硬度，使柿的保硬期较普通冷藏延长了 12 天；无孔的 PE 膜包装具有较高的保湿性能和限气作用，既能显著地抑制柿的蒸腾失水，也可形成高 CO2、低 O2 的气体水平，迅速抑制呼吸速率及乙烯的生成，将呼吸峰和乙烯峰的到来时间推迟了 36 天，在整个贮藏期间柿的硬度较高，PG、Cx 活性较低，对于抑制果肉软化具有极其显著的作用，该包装形式延缓了柿的转色，并能保持较高的糖、Vc 和可溶性丹宁含量，使柿的保硬期较普通冷藏延长了 24 天，较保湿冷藏延长了 12 天。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, ‘Jianshi’ persimmon was stored at cold temperature with packaging inperforated and sealed polyethylene bags respectively. The control of holding humidity andmodified atmosphere packaging on softening and the effect of these methods on respiratoryrate、ethylene production、relative membrane permeability、flesh firmness、cell wallcomponents、activities of cell wall hydrolase and some qualitative index such as total solublesugar、soluble tannin and Vc were investigated during post harvest life of persimmon fruits.The function of different type packaging on fruits firmness was discussed. Theoretical supportwas hoped to be utilize for film packaging on the storage of persimmon fruits. The results were followed: ‘Jianshi’ persimmon without packaging in common coldstorage was easy to loss water, leading to wrinkling、losing gloss、missing edible qualities.There were close relations between water loss and some physiological change such asethylene production、respiratory rate or softening. Holding humidity of perforated PE film( 0.15% of total surface area, 0.7cm diameter) had no modified atmosphere function, butcould maintain high humidity. Holding humidity packaging could reduce transpiration andethylene production by limited weight loss obviously, and could control the activity of PG、Cxand decomposition of pectin and cellulose. The treatment of packaging with perforated PEprolonged 12 days of storage time compared to control. Sealed PE packaging has the bestability for holding humidity and excellent action for modified atmosphere. Water loss wasprevented obviously and air condition was changed by lowering O2 and hoisting CO2.Packaging with sealed PE film could inhibit ethylene production and respiration rapidly, andcould retard commence of peaks of ethylene and respiration for 36 days. In total time, thefruits with sealed PE packaging has the highest firmness and lowest activity of PG、Cx, mostnotable action for inhibiting softening. Sealed PE packaging could retard color change andmaintain higher contents of total soluble sugar、tannin and Vc, the storage time was longerthan holding humidity for 12 days, and 24 days in common cold storage(without packaging).更多还原