微卫星标记多态性与丝羽乌骨鸡屠宰性能的相关分析

【作者】 周艳；

【导师】 朱庆；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验以丝羽乌骨鸡为材料，在鸡1号染色体和Z染色体上分别选取15对和5对微卫星标记，应用多重PCR技术进行扩增后，产物在：ABI3100-Avant遗传分析仪上全自动检测。采用Cervus2.0分析各标记位点的等位基因数、杂合度、多态信息含量以及等位基因频率；运用SAS6.12进行分子标记与13个屠宰性状(包括宰前活重、全净膛重、半净膛重、肌胃等)非均衡数据方差分析和多重比较。还进行了多重PCR条件的优化和引物配套组合的筛选。结果表明： (1)经过对多重PCR条件和引物组合的反复优化，最终成功筛选了可用3个泳道检测的5套多重PCR组合(3个四微卫星组合和2个三微卫星组合)。用ABI3100-Avant遗传分析仪检测，结果表明本次多重PCR组合试验比较成功。 (2)所选用的20对微卫星引物中，除MCW0101和MCW0181因扩增效果不理想而剔除外，其余18对标记均表现出丰富的多态性。平均检测到6.83个等位基因(5-8个)，平均杂合度和多态信息含量分别为0.833和0.805。 (3)通过GLM分析，筛选出13个多态性位点与所选用的丝羽乌骨鸡的13个屠宰性状存在显著相关。 LEI0146与宰前活重相关显著；MCW0154、LEI0134和LEI0146与半净膛重相关显著，其中LEI0146与半净膛重相关极显著；LEI0146与脚重呈显著相关；LEI0146和MCE0036分别与心重相关显著和极显著；LEI0146和MCW0200均与肝重相关极显著；MCW0313、LEI0134、MCW0331与肌胃相关极显著；MCW0254和LEI0134与胸肌重、腿肌重相关显著，其中MCW0254与腿肌重相关极显著；MCW0154、LEI0134和LEI0146与全净膛重相关显著，其中LEI0146与全净膛重相关极显著；MCW0168、MCW0258、MCW0331、LEI0106、LEI0146、MCW0112均与全净膛率显著相关，其中MCW0258和LEI0146与全净膛率相关极显著；LEI0134、MCW0331、LEI0106、LEI0146、MCW0112与半净膛率相关显著，其中MCW0258和LEI0146与半净膛率相关极显著；MCW0258和MCW0200与胸肌率相关显著，MCW0200与胸肌率相关极显著；MCW0177和MCW0258与腿肌率显著相关，其中MCW0258与腿肌率呈极显著相关，表明以上微卫星标记可作为进一步QTL定位和标记辅助选择研究的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fifteen microsatellite markers in Chrl and five microsatellite markers in Chr Z selected for multiplex PCR in silkie, the production were detected automatically on ABI3100.Allele number average heterozygosity(H) polymorphism information content (PIC) and allele frequencies were calculated by Cervus2. 0. The GLM between markers and thirteen dressing characters was performed by SAS6.12. To cut down the workload and the cost, we optimized the conditions of the multiplex PCR and the combination of the markers. The results indicate:(1) After the conditions of the multiplex PCR and the combination of the markers optimized many times, 5 sets were filtrated successfully Which could be detected in 3 sets using ABI3100-Avant. It indicated that this experiment of multiplex PCR sets was successful.(2) 18 pairs of microsatellites were polymorphism. The average number of alleles detected by a pair of primer was 6.83. The average PIC was 0.805. And the population heterozygosity was 0.833.(3) We found there were significant correlations among 13 markers and 13 characters through GLM.There is significant correlation between LEI0146 and the Live Weight.MCW0154 LEI0134 and LEI0146 are all remarkably correlative to the Eviscerated weight with giblet. Among those, the correlation between LEI0146 and the Eviscerated weight with giblet is extremely significant. Also, LEI0146 is remarkably correlative to the claw weight. The correlation between the Heart weight and LEI0146 is significant while it between the heart and MCW0036 is extremely significant. LEI0146 and MCW0200 are allextremely correlative to Liver weight. The correlation between MCW0313 LEI0134 MCW0331 and the Ventriculus muscular is weight is significant. MCW0254 LEI0134 are all remarkable correlative to the Breast muscle yield weight and the Leg muscle yield weight, notably, the correlation between MCW0254 and the Leg muscle yield weight is extremely significant. Which are remarkably correlative to the Eviscerated weight are MCW0154 LEI0134 and LEIO146, among those, the correlation between LEI0146 and the Eviscerated weight is extremely significant.MCW0168 MCW0331 LEI0106 MCW0112 are all remarkably correlative to the Percentage of eviscerated yield while the correlations between MCW0258 and LEI0146 are remarkably significant. About the Percentage of eviscerated yield with giblet, it is significantly correlative to MCW0331 LEI0106 MCW0112 and the correlation between the Percentage of eviscerated yield with giblet and MCW0258 LEI0146 is extremely significant. MCW0258 and MCW0200 are significantly correlative to the Percentage of breast muscle yield, and the correlation between MCW0200 and the Percentage of breast muscle yield is extremely significant. MCW0177 and MCW0258 are all remarkably correlative to the Percentage of leg muscle yield, and the correlation between MCW0258 and the Percentage of leg muscle yield is extremely significant.更多还原