二元冰流动特性研究

【作者】 黄帅；

【导师】 章学来； 詹玉龙；

【作者基本信息】 上海海事大学 ， 制冷及低温工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 二元冰蓄冷空调系统具有非常显著的特点，二元冰具有换热面积大、可泵送等优点，近10年来二元冰蓄冷空调的应用与研究已成为国内外蓄冷的一个重要的研究方向。加快研制和开发二元冰蓄冷空调系统具有重要意义，其技术可行，经济效益巨大。 本文主要做了以下工作：第一，介绍了我国能源电力情况，分析了冰蓄冷空调的优点和冰蓄冷空调的应用前景，说明了为什么冰蓄冷空调在中国会有广大的市场；第二，阐述了蓄冷介质的蓄冷原理和蓄冷介质的选择原则，讨论了氟利昂对环境的影响及其解决办法，介绍了载冷剂HCFC123的性质；第三，对二元冰蓄冷空调系统进行了介绍，对系统中几个比较大的回路：制冷回路、载冷回路、电气控制回路作了简单的介绍，对各个回路中一些部件的情况和工作原理作了说明；第四，介绍了数据采集和系统测试系统，着重介绍了温度、压力、流量、压差等几个重要参数的测试方法及其相关设备；第五，介绍了各种制冰方法和本试验的制冰方法，然后实验研究了不同IPF的二元冰在各种工况下的流动特性，并对实验结果进行了分析与总结，试验发现：各种不同IPF下的二元冰摩擦阻力都比清水大，二元冰与清水相比较其相对差值在流速较小的时候一般较大，随着流速的增大，有减小和趋于平稳的趋势。随着流速的增大，流动阻力都呈现出增大的趋势。随着IPF的增大，二元冰的摩擦阻力变大。随着管道倾角的增大，二元冰的摩擦阻力减小，也就是说相同条件下水平管道内的摩阻最大，这是因为重力的影响导致管道内二元冰和乙二醇分层现象更加明显，从而导致紊流程度增大，最终使得摩阻增大；第六，对二元冰蓄冷空调系统运行前的准备工作进行了介绍，由于在试验过程我们遇到了很多问题，针对这些问题，我们有自己的方法和解决办法，本文介绍了这些问题和相应的解决办法。 最后，对与本文相关的重要领域做了分析，希望有关学者、研究人员能在这方面继续研究探讨，使我国的冰蓄冷技术走向成熟。更多还原

【Abstract】 The binary ice thermal storage air conditioning system (BITSACS) has many remarkable merits, which has very large total heat exchanging surface and excellent pumpability, in the recent ten years, the application and research of BITSACS was a very important research direction. So it has very important significance to develop BITSACS.In my thesis, firstly, Chinese energy and electric power condition were introduced, and also introduced the merits of BITSACS and the reasons why the BITSACS has a hopeful future. Secondly, Interpreted the thermal storage theory, the fundamental of medium selection, the influence of freon to the atmosphere and the character of HCFC123 as well. Thirdly, introduced each part of the BITSACS and the circuits of the refrigeration circuit, cold-carrying circuit and the electric control circuit, discussed the equipments of every circuit and working principal. Fourthly, introduced the collection and testing of all kinds of data, for example, temperature, pressure, flux and the difference of pressure. Fifthly, introduced the different ways of producing ice slurry and the way of our experiment, also studied the fluidity of ice slurry in different IPF. Then, the fluidity of ice slurry was analyzed and we come to a conclusion at last. That is, the friction resistance of different IPF is larger than that of the water’s, the difference is large when the velocity of flow is not very great, the difference was apt to stable as the velocity of flow become more and more larger. The flow resistance became larger by the increase of velocity. When the IPF increases, the flow resistance of the ice slurry became larger. The flow resistance of Ice slurry increases if the pipe’s obliquity increases. That means the ice slurry that in the level pipe has the largest flow resistance, the reason is: the gravitation make the flow became more and more foul-up, accordingly, lead to the increase of flow resistance. Sixthly, introduced all of the preparative tasks before we began the experiment, because we met many problems during the test, we had our own methods which could solve these problems. In this paper, problems and these methods were introduced.Finally, pointed out the aspects which are important to the paper, we hope the researchers who study this field can do something about it that ice thermalstorage can be improved in China.更多还原