【作者】 刘春洋；

【导师】 时章明；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 热能工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 铜的火法精炼是火法炼铜中的一道重要工序，通常在阳极炉中进行。阳极炉的作业呈周期性，包括加料、保温、氧化、还原和浇铸等阶段，是一个涉及化学反应、传热、传质、流体流动等众多作用的复杂过程。目前，国内的粗铜火法精炼过程普遍存在这样一个问题：保温过程和氧化过程的重油流量根据人工经验首先设定，然后进行仪表单回路的监控与手动控制。这种控制方式缺乏科学依据，不仅影响产品质量，而且还会造成能源的浪费和环境的污染，极大地限制了阳极炉生产优势的发挥，从根本上制约着企业的经济效益。因此，为了提高精炼操作的科学性，减少操作人员主观因素对生产的影响，进行重油流量优化监控研究就显得尤为重要。 重油消耗量最优化模型和重油流量在线计量模型是本文研究的核心内容。为了使模型精确而实用，在掌握精炼机理和工艺特点的前提下，作者从能量平衡原理入手，以泛函分析为数学工具，分别建立了保温过程和氧化过程的重油消耗量最优化模型，并利用欧拉方程求得了相应的最优重油流量，为监控系统的开发提供了理论依据；同时，为了快速准确地对重油流量进行计量，本文以椭圆齿轮流量计为计量元件，采用最小二乘法求得重油温度和密度的线性回归方程，建立了带有精度修正和密度补偿的重油流量在线计量模型，提高了重油流量的计量精度；在软件开发方面，中南大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要本文以面向对象的可视化程序设计语言Visual Basic 6．0为开发工具，并结合OPC通信技术进行编程，使监控系统具有人机界面友好、操作简单、运行速度快等特点。 经过一段时间的生产实践检验，该系统运行良好，能够有效地对重油流量进行在线控制与实时监测，对节约能源、减少污染以及提高阳极炉的操作水平和精炼技术指标具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Refining is an important working procedure for copper pyrometallurgy, which is generally performed in an anode furnace. The operation of the anode furnace is a periodical process, consisting of several phases such as pouring liquid copper, heat preservation, oxidation, reduction and casting, and involving chemical reactions, heat transfer, mass transfer, and fluid flow. At present, there exists a common problem in the process of copper refining in our country that the heavy oil flux for heat preservation and oxidation is set experientially, then monitored with single looped instruments and controlled manually. Such a control method is unreasonable, and it will not only affect the quality of product but also result in tremendous energy waste and serious pollution, which will restrict the advantages of the anode furnace and limit the benefit of the enterprise radically. Hence, it is especially crucial to study optimization control and monitoring for heavy oil flux in order to enhance the operational scientificity and decrease the influence of operators’ subjective factors on production.The optimization models of heavy oil consumption and the on-line measurement model of heavy oil flux are central contents of this paper. In order to be accurate and applicable, the optimization models of heavy oil consumption of heat preservation phase and oxidation phase are established by functional analysis based on refining mechanism and the theory ofconversation of energy, and the corresponding optimal heavy oil fluxes are extracted by Euler Equation, which lays a solid academic foundation for the monitoring and control system. In the meanwhile, in order to measure heavy oil flux rapidly and precisely, the linear regression equation of temperature and density is obtained by Least Square Method, and the on-line measurement model of heavy oil flux with precision amendment and density compensation is established based on Oval Geared Flowmeter, which enhances the precision of measurement of heavy oil flux. The software system of this paper is developed in the visualization programming language Visual Basic 6.0, combined with the communication technology OPC, which makes the interfaces of system friendly and the operation easy and facile.The production practices have proven that the system runs well and can execute on-line control and real-time monitoring for heavy oil flux efficiently, which is of academic significance and application value for energy saving, pollution reducing, and increasing operational level and technical index of refining process in the anode furnace.更多还原