【作者】 朱君丽；

【导师】 简新华；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 产业经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 产业结构调整是产业结构优化、经济协调高效发展的必然要求和重要途径。企业是产业结构调整的微观基础，是实现调整目标的关键；产业结构调整是制约企业发展的决定性条件，是推动企业战略创新的首要因素。 结构调整是新世纪新阶段我国经济发展的主线，产业结构调整则是结构调整的重要组成部分。我国发展战略的转换、经济的现代化、知识化、全球化和可持续发展都要求进行产业结构调整。我国新阶段的产业结构调整是在生产能力过剩条件下、升级换代式、增量与存量相结合、新科技革命带动、开放式、以实现可持续发展为目标的结构调整；调整的目标是推进产业结构优化升级，形成以高新技术产业为先导、基础产业和制造业为支撑、服务业全面发展的产业格局。 新阶段的产业结构调整为企业发展提供了重要的外部环境和条件，为不同行业的企业指出了生存和发展的方向，有利于企业充分利用资源，促使企业经济效益提高，政府产业政策变化给企业发展带来新的有利条件和机会。但同时，新阶段的产业结构调整也使企业面临生存挑战，加大企业制度和技术创新的压力，增加企业的行业的转换成本。作为产业结构调整中的企业，应该充分利用此次产业结构调整带来的机遇，迎接挑战，真正实现企业的长期高效发展。企业应该进行制度创新和技术创新，以可持续发展为目标，实施开放式经营。 结构调整中不同产业有不同变化，产业的不同变化与产业生命周期的不同阶段存在着密切的联系，不同阶段不同产业中的企业必须选择不同的战略。处于进入期和成长期产业内的企业，应该利用扶持政策正确选择进入时机和方式，树立产业先见的战略观，促进行业规则形成，开拓供应销售渠道，实施产业合作，发挥产业集聚效应，实行联姻战略，进行集成式战略管理：处于成熟期产业内的企业，应该进行战略调整，提高企业自身竞争力，缩减产品系列，优化产品结构，采取转移战略，实现先行差异化，积极参与国际分工与竞争，开发国际市场；处于衰退期的企业，应该实行战略创新，合理选择退出战略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Adjustment of industrial structure is an inevitable request and important way of coordinating and high-efficient development of economy. Enterprises are the micro foundation of industrial structure adjustment and the key to realize the goal of structure adjustment. Adjustment of industrial structure is a decisive condition that restricts enterprises’ development, and a primary factor of driving enterprises to carry on strategic innovation.Structural adjustment is the key to development of China economy in the new century, and industrial structure adjustment is an important part of the structural adjustment. It requires carrying on industrial structure adjustment for the transformation of development strategy of our country, economic modernization, informatization, globalization and sustainable development. Industrial structure adjustment in the new stage is an upgrade adjustment under excess production capacity; it is a combination of stock and increment driving by new revolution in science and technology; and also it’s an open adjustment regarding realizing sustainable development as the goal. The goal of adjustment is to advance the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, to form the industrial pattern, which regards new hi-tech industry as guide, with the support of basic industry and manufacturing industry, and with the development of all-round factors including service trade.Industrial structure adjustment in the new stage offers certain external environment and conditions for enterprises’ development; it offers the directions of surviving and developing for enterprises of different industries; it helps enterprises to fully utilize resources and impels economic benefits of enterprises to improve; the change of industrial policy of the government brings new advantages and chances to enterprises’ development. But at the same tune, industrial structure adjustment in the new stage makes enterprises face surviving challenges; it strengthens pressure of enterprises’ systematical and technological innovation; it strengthens cost of the industrial conversion of the enterprises. Enterprises in industrial structure adjustment should fully utilize the opportunities that industrial structure adjustment brings forenterprises, meet the challenges and make efforts for the long-term high-efficient development of enterprises: carrying on systematic and technological innovation, implementing sustainable development strategy and open strategy.Different industries have different changes in structural adjustment and these different changes have close connections with different phases of the life periods of industries. So enterprises in different stages of different industries must choose different strategies.Enterprises in growth stage of industries should correctly choose the time and the way that the industry enters, utilizing the support policy, establish the strategic view that the industry sees first, promote industry rules taking shape, form supplying the marketing channel, implement industry cooperation, give play to the effect of gathering of industry, carry on united strategy by "marriage" and integrating-type strategic management. Enterprises in mature period of industries should carry on strategic readjustment, improve enterprises’ competitiveness, reduce the product series, optimize the structure of products, adopt the strategy of shining, participate in international competition actively, and develop the international market. Enterprises hi decline stage of industries should innovate actively or choose to withdraw strategy rationally.更多还原