【作者】 向德军；

【导师】 向农； 蒋云峰；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文介绍了一种用于铅酸蓄电池组的大容量智能充电系统的设计过程，主要包括对蓄电池充电方法和充电系统的设计。 在对蓄电池快速充电原理和目前各种充电方法研究的基础上，提出了两阶段充电模式，即在充电前期采用多段恒流充电和脉冲充电相结合的快速充电方法，而在充电后期采用定电压补足充电法。充电前期采用的充电方法结合了多段恒流充电和脉冲充电这两种充电方法的优点，使充电电流在总体上逼近蓄电池的可接受充电电流曲线，并且在整个快速充电期间内，始终适时地采取了消除蓄电池极化的措施，避免了蓄电池在充电过程中产生大量气体和温升过高的问题；充电后期采用的充电方法可使蓄电池恢复至完全充电态，达到额定容量。 理论分析和实验数据表明，这种两阶段充电模式能够大大缩短充电时间，提高充电效率。 在充电系统的设计中，采用了高频开关电源技术，主回路由三相整流电路、移相控制ZVS PWM DC／DC全桥变换电路和能量回馈电路组成，功率开关管选用IGBT，驱动芯片选用EXB841；控制电路以TMS320LF2407芯片为核心，通过采集蓄电池的端电压、温度以及充电电流等状态信息，送入DSP进行分析和处理，得到相应的控制信号，控制主回路IGBT的通断，从而实现蓄电池的智能充电；同时控制系统对主回路各部分的电压和电流以及对IGBT和高频变压器的温度进行监测，对充电系统起到了很好的保护作用。采用这种电源结构，能够有效地提高系统的工作频率，减小开关损耗。 在快速充电的控制技术和充电方法的实现上，采用了以电池电压负增量为主、电池最高电压和电池温度为辅判断蓄电池是否充足电的综合控制法，以及采用了以改进型PID控制为主的控制方法来实现恒流充电和恒压充电。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper described the design of a high-capacity intelligent charging system for lead-acid batteries, including the research on charging methods and the design of the charging system.Based on the analysis of the charging theory and the investigation of many charging methods, a two-stage charging strategy was brought forward. At the former stage of charging, the fast charging method was used which is the combination of multi-section constant-current charging method with pulsant charging method. And at the latter stage, the constant-voltage charging method was adopted. The theory and the tests indicated that by application of the charge strategy, the charging efficiency was raised and the charging period was reduced.Ground on the HF SPS (High-Frequency Switching Power Supply), the charging system was designed which was composed of a three-phase rectifying cell, a phase-shifted zero-voltage-switching PWM DC/DC full-bridge cell and an energy recovery cell. In the DC/DC cell, IGBT (Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor) was selected as the switch that was driven by EXB841 module. And the charging control system was based on TMS320LF2407 chip, which can produce controllable PWM signal with dead time. Using this construction of power supply, switching loss was much reduced and higher frequency could be gained.Based on the analysis of many charge-termination control methods, an integrated control method was adopted to judge whether batteries was full-charge or not. And an improved PID control algorithm was used to realize the constant-current charging and the constant-voltage charging.更多还原