石油焦煅烧过程计算机控制系统的研究与开发

【作者】 雷亚军；

【导师】 杨路明；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 回转窑煅烧石油焦是一个复杂的生产过程，影响煅烧条件的因素很多，存在强耦合、非线性和大时滞特性，无法建立精确的数学模型，难以通过常规控制方法实现过程稳定化控制。据此，将先进控制理论、计算机与网络通讯技术应用到石油焦煅烧过程，实现生产过程综合自动化，对提高煅后焦质量和生产效率及促进我国铝工业的发展有重要意义。 论文以中国铝业公司青海分公司1#回转窑煅烧石油焦生产过程为应用背景，详细介绍了石油焦煅烧过程计算机控制系统的研究和设计的方法。在分析煅烧机理的基础上，探讨了回转窑煅烧带温度对锻后焦质量的影响，以及影响煅烧带温度的主要因素。以对煅烧带温度有直接影响的给料量和窑尾负压为被控对象，分别设计了一种改进的模糊控制器，结合变频调速技术，实现了给料量和窑尾负压的稳定化控制。利用WinCC组态软件，论文分析和设计了一套用于煅烧生产过程的监控系统，详细介绍了数据通讯、运行状态监视、故障诊断、数据管理和系统安全等功能模块的实现过程。在分析OPC技术规范的基础上，讨论了控制网与管理网无缝集成的方法，开发了客户接口程序，为实现企业管控一体化提供了解决方案。 经过调试，系统已投入使用，现场运行结果表明系统稳定性好，可靠性高，达到了设计目标要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The calcining process of petroleum coke in rotary kiln is very complex, such as severe coupling, nonlinear and time-lagged. There are difficulties constructing its accurate mathematical model and realizing stable process control by the conventional control techniques. In this paper, advanced control theories and computer network techniques are applied to the calcining process so as to implement comprehensive automation, which is helpful not only to raise product quality and work efficiency, but also to promote aluminum industry.This paper presents the methods of researching and designing computer control system of the calcining process of petroleum coke. On the analysis of calcining mechanism, this paper discusses the significance of the temperature of calcining zone. An improved fuzzy controller is designed respectively according to the controlled objects, namely, feeding amount and negative pressure, which directly affect the temperature of calcining zone. And by the introduction of transducer technology, this paper realizes the stable process control of feeding amount and negative pressure. Further, a set of application system, used to monitor and control the calcining process, is developed in WinCC configuration software. The function modules, such as data communication, status monitor, fault diagnosis, data management and system security are introduced detailedly in this paper. After analyzing OPC specifications, this paper discusses some methods of linking control network to Intranet and provides a solution to the realization of Control & Management in One.The system has been in operation successfully in the enterprise. The results show that it has high stability and reliability.更多还原