预焙铝电解槽智能模糊控制系统的研究与开发

【作者】 梁加山；

【导师】 张泰山；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 铝电解是一个电解槽数量多、高能耗、高粉尘、强磁场、环境恶劣、劳动强度大的复杂生产过程。计算机自动控制技术在铝电解生产过程中的应用，对于提高电流效率、降低能耗、提高劳动生产率、减少工人劳动强度、改善工厂生产环境、改进生产管理水平、促进企业快速发展以及创造更好的经济效益和社会效益具有重要的意义。 智能模糊控制方法具有人工智能的特点，能够模拟专家的操作经验和人们的思维过程，因此这种控制方法已广泛地应用于过程控制等多个领域，并取得很好的应用效果。 预焙铝电解槽是一种复杂的非线性、多变量时变系统，具有模型的不确定性，并且浓度、极距、温度和分子比等参数在线检测较困难。因此，对于预焙铝电解槽的控制，采用智能控制方法更容易达到预期的控制效果。针对上述特点，依据铝电解“四低一高”的最佳工艺条件，设计出铝电解槽智能模糊控制槽控机。在广泛收集专家控制经验与知识的基础上总结出新的控制策略。它能在脱机状态下独立完成电压、电流的在线采集，正常槽况下的准连续按需下料控制与常态极距调节、槽噪声解析与报告，阳极效应预报与声光报警，人工作业工序监控等功能，能在联机状态下与监控机交换数据，并接收来自监控机的参数整定与优化，使对电解槽的监控更为精确和可靠。 本文就专家系统、模糊控制等智能控制技术进行了探讨；并着重论述了智能模糊控制方法在铝电解槽工艺控制中的应用；详细说明了控制系统软、硬件的设计思想及其实现；同时，针对铝电解槽的工艺特点，说明了控制系统所采取的抗干扰措施。 本课题的开发和研究成果，将有力地推动预焙铝电解槽控制技术的发展，并获得巨大的经济效益。与此同时，还将促进智能模糊控制技术的发展及其在工业过程控制中的广泛应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aluminium electrolysis is a complex production process with large numbers of aluminium electrolytic cells, high energy consumption, heavy dusty, strong magnetic field, bad environment and strong intensity of labor. The application of computer automatic control technology in the produced course of aluminum electrolysis has important meaning. It can increase current efficiency, decrease energy consumption, improve the labor productivity, reduce the labor strength, improve the production environment and management, promote enterprise development, create better economic benefits and social benefits.The method of intelligent fuzzy control has the trait of artificial intelligence, it can simulate experts’ operational experience and human thought way, so it has been used widely in many fields such as process control and so on, and has got very good application effect.Pre-baked aluminium electrolytic cell is a non-linear, multivariable and time-varying system, its model is uncertain. It is difficult to detect the alumina concentration, polar distance, temperature and mole ratio on-line, so it is more easily to control pre-baked aluminium electrolytic cell by the method of intelligent fuzzy control. In accordance with the features above and combined with the best technology "four low and one high", we design an intelligent fuzzy control system for aluminium electrolytic cell Based on collecting of experience and knowledge of expert control, we summarize new control strategy. The control system for tank can finish independently mostly control functions. It can sample voltage and current online, control alumina content and regulate polar distance, analysis and report cell noise, predict the anode effect and warning with sound and light, keep watch on and control artificial schoolwork process. At the same time it can connect with monitoring computer to exchange data and receive parameters, which are tuned and optimized by monitoring computer. And this can make the control to the aluminium electrolytic cell more accurate and reliable.This thesis discusses expert system and fuzzy control technology; dissertates emphatically the apply of intelligent fuzzy control method inthe control of aluminium electrolytic cell; illuminates in detailed the idea of design with realization of the system’s software and hardware; at the same time, with the technology characteristic of the aluminium electrolytic cell, the thesis discusses the methods of anti-interference in control system.The work we do will promote strongly the development of control technology to pre-baked aluminium electrolytic cell and gain huge economic benefits. At the same time, it will promote the development of intelligent fuzzy control technology and its extensive application in industrial process control.更多还原