【作者】 邵千龙；

【导师】 陈霏琼；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 金融学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 电力体制改革的根本目标是提高资源配置效率，降低电价。改革是否能达到预想成果，核心问题在于引入竞争机制是否成功。关键研究在哪些领域或者哪些环节引入竞争机制，采取什么样的竞争模式。竞争模式研究要认真总结国外经验，结合中国国情，尽可能发挥市场机制作用。本文研究对象是在电力行业投融资领域和电力产品各个环节探讨引入竞争机制模式，希望能对我国电力体制改革起到一定启示作用。 本文先对我国电力发展现状和体制现状进行描述，总结和分析电力行业成本失控，管制失效、效率低下，体制冲突等问题。在此基础上对电力产品和体制特征进行经济学剖析，为引入竞争模式提供理论支持。总结分析国际上引入竞争机制经验，剖析了典型案例；对我国引入竞争机制现实条件进行分析基础上，提出了引入市场化竞争具体模式。最后对引入竞争外围重大问题进行论述，如管制问题、电价改革等重要问题进行论述，为顺利实施市场化竞争机制创造良好条件。 文章结论将对我国电力行业引入竞争方式和时序进行必要论述，以把握改革进度和深度，力求使引入竞争机制能够符合中国国情和电力发展的实际，尽可能降低改革风险。我国市场化竞争模式引进在投融资领域实行厂址比选竞争，业主公开招标竞争产生，新能源领域特许经营权招标三种方式，在产品市场实行三个阶段，三种模式即单一购买者为主模式，第二阶段批发竞争模式和第三阶段零售竞争模式。效率和公平是引入竞争机制的根本目的，在哪个环节和哪个层次引入竞争，既要考虑到电力产品特性，又要考虑到电力供应安全性和电力体制的现实。在明确引入竞争模式后，建立符合中国实际监管模式、电价改革模式成为改革的重要任务，解决好了这些问题才能为引入市场化竞争准备良好外围条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main purpose to reform the system of power production, supply and consumption is to improve efficiency and to reduce its price. Whether the reform can be achieved as is expected lies in the successful introduction of the competition into the power market. The most important is to study which areas or which links competition should be introduced into, and what kind of competition should be introduced. The study of the competition must be based on the experiences from other countries as well as the national conditions in China in order that the future power market system will work well. This thesis focuses on how to introduce competition into investment in and the links of power industry.First of all, this thesis carries out a study of the current situation and system of power industry, summing up and analyzing the problems in the power industry, such as high cost, poor management, low efficiency, etc. Upon these, the thesis has a careful study of the product of this industry, electricity, and the characteristics of the system, thus offering a theoretical basis for the introduction of competition. Then the thesis studies the foreign experiences and analyzes some typical cases. Based on these studies and analyses, the thesis puts forward suggestions on how to introduce market competition into China’s power industry. Finally, the thesis explores some related problems as management, supervision, pricing reform, the solutions of which can ensure a peaceful and successful introduction of competition.This thesis concludes with a necessary exposition on how and when to introduce competition into power industry in China in order to control the progress of the reform, to reduce the risks and to make the introduced competition go well with the national conditions and the development of power industry in China.In the area of investment, three kinds of competitions are introduced. They are open competitions for the sites of power plants, investors and new energy chartered rights. .And in the product market, three phases and three modes will be put into practice: single buyer, competitive wholesale and competitive retail.Efficiency and fair play are the main purposes of introducing competition. Buthow to introduce demands that we take into consideration the unique properties and present situation of power industry and the safety of electricity supply. With the introduction of competition, it becomes the most important task to establish supervision system and pricing system, only the establishment of which makes a good preparation for the introduction of competition the power market.更多还原