【作者】 李林；

【导师】 胡海清； 金森；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 生态学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 可燃物含水率的大小及失水快慢与森林燃烧的难易程度密切相关。为了研究可燃物失水效率及可燃物含水率与可燃物燃烧性的关系，本文对东北林区的64种主要乔、灌木树种的枯叶、枝条、树皮可燃物，在20℃条件下进行可燃物含水率随时间动态变化与可燃物点烧试验。采用Logistic模型等分析了失水与测定时间的关系；对可燃物初始点燃含水率及初始蔓延含水率通过加权得分方法进行综合排序。 根据可燃物失水效率实验结果得出，枯叶可燃物失水较快的有黄波罗、稠李、糠椴、山楂、软枣猕猴桃、黑桦、花曲柳、钻天柳；失水较慢的有高山桧、越橘、兴安杜鹃、紫丁香、刺玫果、杠柳、香杨、水曲柳、杜香、蓝靛果忍冬、偃松、红皮云杉、暖木条荚迷、家榆、树锦鸡儿、笃斯越橘、刺五加。枝条可燃物失水较快的有库叶悬钩子、华北卫矛、色木槭、蓝靛果忍冬、茶藨子、杜鹃；失水较慢的是有珍珠梅、红瑞木、越橘、刺老牙、鼠李、柴桦、紫丁香。树皮可燃物失水较快的有紫椴、山丁子、黄榆、稠李、沙冷松、家榆、金银忍冬；失水较慢的有茶条槭、兴安落叶松、香杨、红皮云杉、黄波罗、长白落叶松、樟子松。 根据可燃物含水率实验结果得出，枯叶可燃物含水率较低的有高山桧、越橘、刺五加、红皮云杉、蓝靛果忍冬、兴安杜鹃、偃松、杜香、金银忍冬、红松；含水率较高的有糖槭、花曲柳、山楂、黑桦、钻天柳。枝条可燃物含水率较低的有珍珠梅、红瑞木；含水率高的有叶底珠、暖木条荚迷、茶藨子、软枣猕猴桃、杠柳、库叶悬钩子、杜鹃、蓝靛果忍冬。树皮可燃物含水率较低的有茶条槭、樟子松、兴安落叶松、红皮云杉、旱柳、长白落叶松、香杨、黄波罗、偃松、红松、蒙古栎、白桦、毛赤扬、山杨、油松、刺槐、色木槭、钻天柳、黑桦；含水率高的有家榆、金银忍冬。 根据枯叶、枝条、树皮可燃物的初始点燃含水率和初始蔓延含水率的综合分析得出：灌木可燃物中比较难燃的为：紫丁香、红瑞木、越橘、兴安杜鹃、刺五加、珍珠梅。其中越橘和兴安杜鹃是叶子难燃，枝条易燃。比较易燃的为：软枣猕猴桃、库叶悬钩子、山楂。 乔木可燃物中的难燃可燃物为：旱柳、红皮云杉、茶条槭、胡桃楸、红松、黄榆、刺槐、山丁子、白桦、樟子松、鸡树条子、水曲柳、色木槭。易燃可燃物为：家榆、糠椴、花曲柳、糖槭、沙冷松、油松、黑桦。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ignitability of forest fuels is partly determined by the moisture of fuels, especially that of fine fuels. 64 species of arbor and shrub leaves branches and barks fuels are used in this study, and the relationship of the moisture of forest fuels and the ignitability of forest fuel is studied. The result shows that the moisture of fuel can use as an index of fuel ignitability.At the same time we ignited the fuels to determind the initial moisture of forest fire spread and the initial moisture of forest fire ignition.According to the fuel moisture loss, the leaves fuel which has the highest moisture is that: Phellodendron amurense, Padus racemosa, Tilia mandschurica , Crataegus pinnatifida , Actinidia arguta , Betulanigra, Fraxinus rhynchophlla , Chosenia macrolepis(Turcz.) ,- the leaves fuel which has the lowest moisture is that: Finns densata,. Vaccinium. Vitis-idaea , Rohododendron dahuricum. , Syringa.oblata, Rosa davurica , Periploca septum, Populus Koreana , Fraxinus mandshurica, Ledum palustre, Lonicera caerulea var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd. , Pinus pumila , Picea Koraiensis , V.burejaeticum , Ulmus pumila , Caragana arborescens , Vaccinium uliginosum , Acanthopanax senticosus.The branch fuels which have the highest moisture is that: Rubus sachalinensis , E.maackii , Acer mono , Lonicera caerulea var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd., Ribes acuminatum , Rhododendron simsii ; the branch fuels which have the lowest moisture is that: Sorbaria sorbifolia, Cornus alba. , Vaccinium. Vitis-idaea, Aralia elata, Rhamnus davurica , Betula fruticosa , Syringa. oblata. The bark fuels which have the highestmoisture is that: Tilia amurensis , Malus baccata , Ulmus macrocarpa , Padus racemosa , Abise holophylla , Ulmus pumila , Lonicera maackii; the bark fuels which have the lowest moisture is that: Acer ginnala, Larix gemelinii, Populus Koreana, Picea Koraiensis , Phellodendron amurense, Larix olgensis, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica.According to the fuels moisture, the leaves fuels which have the highest moisture is that: Pinus densata. , Vaccinium. Vitis-idaea , Acanthopanax senticosus , PiceaKoraiensis , Lonicera caerulea var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd., Rohododendron dahuricum., Finns pumlla , Ledum painstre , Lonicera maackii , Pinus koraiensis ; the leaves fuels which has the lowest moisture is that: Acer saccharum, Fraxinus rhynchophlla, Crataegus pinnatifida, Betula nigra, Chosenia macrolepis(Turcz.). The branch fuels which have the highest ignitability is that: Sorbaria sorbifolia , Cornus alba, the branch fuels which have the lowest ignitability is that: V.burejaeticum , Ribes acuminatum, Actinidia arguta, Periploca sepium,, Rubus sachalinensis, Rhododendron simsii, Lonicera caerulea var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd..The bark fuels which have the highest moisture is that: Acer ginnala , Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica., Larix gemelinii , Picea Koraiensis , Salix matsudana , Larix olgensis, Populus Koreana , Phellodendron amurense , Pinus pumila , Pinus koraiensis , Quercus mongolicas , Betula platyphylla , Alnus incana, P. davidiana, Pinus tabulaeformis , Hemiptelea davidii , Acer mono , Chosenia macrolepis (Turcz.) , Betula nigra ; the bark fuels which have the lowest moisture is that: Ulmuspumila,Lonicera maackii.According to the initial moisture of forest fire ignition and the initial moisture of forest fire spread, the shurb fuel which has the lowest ignitability is that: Syringa.oblata , Cornus alba. , Vaccinium. Vitis-idaea , Rohododendron dahuricum., Acanthopanax senticosus, Sorbaria sorbifolia ; the shrub fuel which has the highest ignitability is that: Actinidia arguta , Rubus sachalinensis. Crataegus pinnatifida.According to the initial moisture of forest fire ignition and the initial moisture of forest fire spread, the arbor fuel which has the highest ignitability is that: Salix matsudana , Picea Koraiensis , Acer ginnala , Juglans mandshurica , Pinus koraiensis , Ulmus macrocarpa , Hemiptelea davidii , Malus baccata , Betula platyphylla ,更多还原