【作者】 刘亚丽；

【导师】 张羽； 赵敏；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 森林培育， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 通过室内培养试验和田间对比试验，对有效微生物群(Effective Micro-organisms简称EM)在核桃楸(Juglans mandshurica Maxim)、枸杞子(Lycium barbarum L.)、长白落叶松(Larix olgensis A.Henry)的播种苗和青山杨(Populus cathayana ×P.davidiana)的扦插苗育苗过程中的应用效果、促进生长机理等方面进行初步研究。实验中以清水作为对照，同时用三个浓度的EM(C1：200倍液EM即0.5％；C2：400倍液EM即0.25％；C3：600倍液EM即0.17％)分别对上述品种苗木进行了苗期叶面喷洒和灌根实验，主要研究不同浓度EM对各类苗木生长状况(苗高、地径、鲜重、干重、根长、根系活力、叶绿素含量、净光合速率等)的影响；对土壤理化状况(有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷、容重等)的影响；对土壤微生物(细菌、放线菌、真菌)菌数变化的影响以及对土壤呼吸强度的影响，从中揭示EM的作用机理。 通过分析各项测定指标得到结果如下：(1)接种EM液体制剂对苗木的生长有一定的促进作用，主要表现为苗高、地径、鲜重、干重等各项指标的增加。(2)EM可以有效改善土壤理化性质、提高土壤肥力，促进土壤养分良性循环，具有改善土壤通透性等作用。具体表现在以上述几种苗木为地被物的苗圃地土壤的有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷含量有不同程度的提高、土壤微生物数量的增加(接种EM可明显提高土壤菌数，尤其是细菌的数量有明显提高)和土壤容重的减小等几个方面，但本实验中EM对土壤的pH无明显影响。(3)施用EM的效果较对照而言作用效果明显，而不同浓度EM之间的作用效果不具有一致性，EM的作用效果不会因EM施用量的增减而绝对有规律地升降。即使是同一浓度EM对同一品种苗木的不同测试指标表现效果也没有很好的一致性，在有的指标上低浓度EM的效果甚至好于高浓度EM，总体而言，EM浓度不具有绝对的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effect of effective micro-organisms (EM) on growth promoting mechanism of the seedlings of Juglans mandshurica Maxim, Lycium chinense Miller, Larix olgensis A. Henry and the cuttings of Populus cathayana X P. davidiana was preliminarily studied by indoor culture and field comparative experiments on this paper. Three EM concentrations( Cl :0.5%; C2: 0.25%; C3: 0.17%) and pure water as comparison were used on leaf surface spraying and root irrigation to species of seedlings at seedling stage. The effects of different concentrations EM on seedlings growth condition (height, basal diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, root length, root activity, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate etc.), soil physical and chemical properties (organic matter, total N, total P, available N, available P, bulk density etc.) the quantity of soil micro-organisms (bacteria, action mycetes, epiphytes) and soil respiratory were studied to discover mechanism of action of EM.The study results were as follows: (1) EM could stimulate height, basal diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight of the seedlings. (2) EM could improve soil physical and chemical properties and fertility, promote soil nutrient sound cycle and accelerate soil ventilation. The feathers were: the contents of soil organic matter, total N, total P, available N and available P of the nursery soil whose ground cover are species of seedlings above were increased by different degrees; the quantities of soil micro-organisms were significantly increased, especially bacteria; the soil bulk density were decreased. However, soil pH weren’t obviously affected by EM in this experiment. (3) Compared with the control, the effect of EM was much greater. But the effect difference in different concentrations hadn’t uniformity, the effect didn’t regularly and absolutely increased as increase of the EM concentration. Even the effect at one same concentration on one species of seedlings wasn’t in conformity with each index. On some indexes, the effect of lower concentration was better than the higher. In a word, the different concentrations EM didn’t have absolute meanings.更多还原