【作者】 杨青杰；

【导师】 杨利平； 阎秀峰；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 细叶百合(Lilium pumilum DC．)花色红艳，是著名的野生花卉，同时还有润肺止咳、清心安神的中药功效。由于细叶百合的抗逆性极强，又是百合抗性育种的重要亲本。本实验以东北林业大学花圃内栽培的细叶百合为研究对象，针对与生产有关的几方面因素进行一系列研究。从种子活力、鳞茎的生长发育、摘顶处理与鳞茎发育及生物量的关系、淀粉粒的形态及分布、鳞茎中的可溶性糖几个方面进行研究，研究结果如下： (1)细叶百合种子的萌发率随贮存时间的增长而下降。贮存1年种子总体萌发率下降8.67％；贮存2年种子总体萌发率较当年种子下降34％。胚的形态对种子萌发无明显影响，但直胚种子萌发完全时间要略长于弯胚种子。细叶百合种子大小对萌发开始时间、萌发率及萌发完全时间并没有明显的影响，但与成苗率成正比关系。细叶百合种子的母株年龄与其后代的生育期有直接关系，随着母株年龄的增长其种子繁殖的后代生育期提前。 (2)细叶百合鳞茎体积及生物量随年龄增长逐渐增加，但随着年龄的增加，周径、鲜重、干重几项指标的年增率变化先增高后降低。细叶百合的着花数和鳞茎的鳞叶数与植株年龄有关，二者数量随年龄的增加而增加。鳞茎体积、鲜重、干重与株高和叶片数呈密切的正相关关系， (3)细叶百合的鳞茎在生长发育过程中一年仅形成1个侧生小鳞茎，且此鳞茎是下一年唯一能抽生花茎、进行有性生殖的鳞茎。种球的增重主要是在开花以后。 (4)对细叶百合鳞茎进行组织切片观察，结果可确定细叶百合的淀粉粒属单粒无层纹淀粉粒，其直径随年龄的增长而逐渐变大。在2年生鳞茎中，外层鳞叶淀粉含量小于内层；而3年以上的鳞茎情况正好相反，3年和5年生鳞茎的内层鳞叶中的淀粉含量要小于外层鳞叶，外层鳞叶年龄至少为2年。1～3年株龄的植株淀粉粒分布密度随年龄逐渐增加，同龄植株鳞茎中的淀粉粒相比较，扦插植株比实生植株的淀粉粒分布密度高。5年生植株的鳞茎中淀粉粒密度有所下降，但淀粉粒体积增大。 (5)不同株龄植株、同龄不同发育形态植株以及同龄不同繁殖方式后代植株的可溶性糖含量均有不同程度的差异。2年生未抽茎植株鳞茎可溶性糖含量为20.92％，而抽茎植株达37.67％，上升16.75％。3年生实生植株产生的鳞茎含糖量比鳞片扦插长成的植株低5.49％。而5年生鳞茎的可溶性糖含量比3年生鳞茎下降2.15％，比扦插3年生植株下降7.64％。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lilium pumilum DC., which has scarlet flowers, was a main parent of resistance breeding of lily. It’s also a better traditional Chinese medicine. Some biological problem in L pumilum’s cultivation were systematically studied. The living of seed and the growth law , the biomass , the starch and soluble sugar of bulb were studied in present paper. The results process could be summarized as following.(1) Results show that the germination rate of seeds of Lilhim pumilum reduced with the time of reservation prolonged. The germination rate of seeds being reserved for 1 year reduced 8.67%; The germination rate of seeds being reserved for 2 year reduced 34%. The effect of the form of embryo on germination rate of seeds is not significant, but the germination time of straight embryo is longer than curve embryo. The size of seeds of Lilium pumilum didn’t significantly influence the start germination time, the germination rate and the time of entirely germination, but directly influenced the survival rate. The age of mother plant influenced the reproductive stage of offspring directly, and with the increase of the age of mother plant the reproductive stage of offspring will be ahead.(2) With the increasing of age, the bulb volume and biomass went up, but the bulb perimeter, fresh weight and dry weight went up then down. The flower number and scale amount are related with plant age, and the two amount went tip with which increased. The bulb volume, fresh weight and dry weight is positively related to plant height and the amount of leaves.(3 ) The bulb only vegetate one little adnation bulb during growth in 1 year and the little adnation bulb is the only one which can flower . The increasing of bulb weight is significant after flower.(4) Observation on bulbs ofLilium pumilum show that the starch is single and non-stratum. The diameter of starch increased with the age. For 2-years bulbs, the content of starch in outer scale is less than inner scale; but for 3-year and 5-year bulbs, the content of starch in outer scale is more than inner scale; the age of outer scale is 2 years at least. The distributing density of starch gradually increased with age in from 1- year to 3-years plant, but for the same-age plant the distributing density of starch in asexual reproductive plant is higher than sexual reproductive plant. For 5-year-old bulb, the distributing density of starch is decrease, but the volume of starch is increase.(5 ) The content of soluble sugar is different in different age, different stage and different reproductive type. The content of soluble sugar in 2-year-old bulb not flowering is 20.92%, in 2-year-old bulb having flowered 37.67%. In 3-year-old plant the content of soluble sugar in the sexual reproductive bulb is lower 5.49% than asexual reproductive ones. The content of soluble sugar in 5-year-old bulb is lower 2.15% than 3-year-old bulb, and lower 7.64% than 3-year-old asexual reproductive bulb.更多还原