【作者】 李宏伟；

【导师】 宋瑞清；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 通过黑木耳(Auricularia auricula(L．ex HooK)Undeew)菌株的采集、收集、得到20多个菌株。从中抽取形态特征好的6个菌株作为试样，经过分离、培养、纯化，筛选出优良菌株988、菌株2008。经测试，菌株988、菌株2008产量高于常规品种15％～20％；形态特征指标为单片、色正；内在胶原蛋白质含量高，一般高于常规品种2.8～3.3mg／100g；具有很强的抗逆性。 以988菌株为试样，研究了代用料栽培黑木耳关键技术。试验结果表明：代用料栽培黑木耳在春季气温稳定在13℃进行下地栽培，污染率低，产量高；代用料栽培黑木耳以木屑为主，产量高，其中，软阔、硬阔树种木屑按1：2的比例比较合适，产量最好，以秸杆为主的栽培料应混一定量的木屑，豆秸产量最高；菌丝体培育阶段，初期将温度控制在26℃-28℃，中期控制在23℃，后期控制在20℃，有利于培养健壮的菌丝体，提高菌丝的抗病力和产量；催芽处理方法与耳基发生和污染有直接的关系，湿度大有利于耳基的发生，但应控制温度，防止绿色木霉的发生；田间管理阶段主要控制水分和温度，水分状况保持干湿交替，有利于子实体生长和菌丝的抗病力；绿色木霉的防治采取预防为主，一旦发生采取日晒加400倍克霉灵处理，防治效果90％以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 More than 20 strains of Auricularia auricula(L.ex HooK)Uuderw.werecollecteed.6 strains with good character were isolated and purified. From screening test, strain 988 and strain 2008 were got as good strains The results show that the production of strain 988 and strain 2008 is 15%~20% higher than that of common strains ;Their basidiocarp is 2.8~3.3mg/100g higher than that of common strains; Strain 988 and strain 2008 also have higher stress resistance.The key techniques of culturing Auricilaria auricula using substitute was researched. The results show that Auricilaria auricula is better cultured using substitute at 13癈 or so in spring, the contaminate rate is lower and the production is higher. The production is higher when the wood-bits is the main part of substitute, it is highest when the wood-bits proportion of soft broad leaf and hard broad leaf is 1: 2;The best straw-substitute is which mainly made of soybean-straw mixed with some wood-bits. In culturing mycelium period, mycelium grow strongly when temperature is 26℃~28℃ at early days,23℃ at medium term and 20℃ at later days, and at this condition its disease resistance and production are enhanced. The method of accelerating germination is related with primodium genesis and contamination; The higher moisture is good for primodium genesis, but the temperature should be controlled in order to prevent Trchoderma’, Controlling water and temperature is important in field management, it’ s good for basidiocarp growing and resistance of mycelium that the water is controlled under dry and moisture in turn; Sun-shine supplement with clotrimagole has good control effect to Trchoderma, the control effect is more than 90%.更多还原