【作者】 李冬；

【导师】 国庆喜； 曹成有；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 可持续发展是人类共同追求的目标，生态系统服务功能是人类生存和发展的物质基础，然而由于种种原因造成了生态系统的退化，它们的生态服务功能下降，在很大程度上影响和制约了当地社会与经济的可持续发展。因而，开展有关退化生态系统恢复与重建的研究有着重要的理论和实践意义。 本文以康平县退化生态系统为研究对象，从恢复生态学的观点出发，在大量的资料收集和现场调研的基础之上，对康平县生态系统退化的原因、机制以及恢复与重建的途径和对策进行了全面系统的研究，提出了本地区资源环境和经济可持续发展的总体战略。分析了本地区气候变化、人类活动及其与土地沙漠化的关系，并认为造成本地区生态环境退化的原因是各种自然因素和人为因素长期共同作用的结果，其中生态系统本身的脆弱性是系统退化的潜在因素；气候的暖干化趋势和人口膨胀所引发的人类各种过度经济活动是导致生态系统退化的直接诱发因素。依据生态学和系统工程学等原理提出了康平县生态环境建设的总体构想。论述了防风固沙、退化草地改良与人工草地建设中的一些关键问题和应采取的对策。同时论述了本地区退化生态系统综合防治与合理开发利用的途径和模式。本文的研究可为康平县生态环境的综合整治提供直接的理论依据，并对我国北方荒漠化地区生态环境建设提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sustainable management is the goal of all people in the world, and ecosystem service is the matter of humankind survival and development. But many ecosystems are degraded because of different worse factors and their ecosystem services are at a lower level, which are influencing and restricting the sustainable development of society and economy. For these reasons, it has important significance both in theory and in practice to carry out the study on restoration and reconstruction for degraded ecosystems.Taking Kangping county as the research object, the reasons and mechanism of degradation, the channels and ways to deal with the situation were studied in detail with the basic theories of restoration ecology adopted. And overall strategy for the sustainable development of resources and environment was put forward too in this paper. Climate variation, characteristics and the relationship between the both and desertification were analyzed. Natural and human disturbances and their combination function were considered the main reasons for the degradation of ecological environment in this area. The fragility of ecosystem of local area is the potential power for degradation of ecosystem, and the warm-dry trend of local climate and all kinds of human excessive activities resulting from the overgrowth of population are the direct reasons for the degradation. Disturbance system of ecosystem of Kangping county was put forward and established for the first time. The overall comprehensive program and emphasis projects were raised according to the theories of ecology and systems engineering. Fundamentals of synthetic control for wind-sandy environment were expounded. Some key problems and their solutions in the process of wind-protecting and sand-controlling, improvement of degraded grassland, construction of artificial grassland and the development of animal husbandry were discussed in detail. The directions and models of vegetation restoration and synthetic control of degraded ecosystem in Kangping County were submitted according to fundamentals of restoration ecology.更多还原