【作者】 赵志明；

【导师】 吴光；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 地质工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 环境保护是人类社会发展的重大课题。在铁路、公路、水电等工程建设中，大量岩土体边坡开挖，无疑会破坏当地的自然环境。对工程边坡进行绿色防护，绿色植被不仅对边坡浅层起到防护作用，而且能够起到恢复已破坏的植被，保持水土，美化环境的作用。对工程边坡进行绿色防护可以有效的解决工程建设与环境保护之间的矛盾，实现人类活动与自然环境的和谐共处。 论文在参考国内外岩土体边坡绿色防护研究资料的基础上，对绿色防护与常规边坡防护技术进行对比分析，研究表明绿色防护技术不仅在边坡加固、防水冲刷等方面起到与常规边坡防护类似的作用，而且更有利于边坡植被恢复，保护我们赖以生存的生态环境。 在对渝怀铁路5个工点的边坡进行调查研究的基础上，根据其岩体性质、岩体结构与绿色防护特点，将其分为具有整体结构、块状结构、碎裂结构、散体结构几种类型，分别对不同植物根系与不同边坡类型护坡机理、固坡作用进行力学分析。对不同延展方向植物根系对边坡的加固作用进行定性研究得出，生长方向与水平面夹角为(α—φ)的植物根系对边坡起到的加固作用最大。 本文对坡面径流冲刷与边坡坡度的关系进行了理论研究，推导出在考虑雨滴降落方向时，坡面受雨水冲刷的临界坡度。 采用有限元法对坡面表层土体的变形与坡高和坡度的关系进行分析。计算表明，不考虑降雨等其它因素的影响，边坡设计高度不应高于5m，坡度不宜大于45°。 另外，本文首次提出根据潜水水位曲线确定边坡几何形状的理论。并采用具体的计算证明了台阶型边坡更易于坡面植被的水分供给。这也正是植被在边坡下部更易成活的原因之一。 本文研究对边坡植被绿化设计指标的确定提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The important subject of the society development is the protection of environment. In the construction of railway , road, waterpower engineering, there will be lots of engineering slopes, without question, this will destroy the local environment. When greening protection on the engineering slope, greening vegetation will be fully covered on the rock or soil slope, it not only protects the shallow slope, but also renews the destroyed vegetation, beautifies the environment, preserves the water or soil, which will deal with the contradiction of engineering slope and environment efficiently and so man and environment’s harmonious coexist will come true.Based on the information of home and abroad, by comparing to the traditional and the greening slope protective methods, the greening slope protection is not only play the similar roles in slope protection and flow protection, but also adapt to the renew of vegetation effectively, protecting environment that we are living on.By 5 sites of Yu-Huai railway’s engineering slopes investigating, under the consideration of rock mass property, rock mass structure and greening protection, the slopes can be divided into 4 types: intact rock structure, block rock structure, fissure rock structure and scattered rock structure. By mechanical analysis on the protection mechanism of varied vegetation roots and varied types of slopes and by mathematical caluclulating of vegetation roots on varied direction for slope protection, then we can obtain the best vegetation for slope protection degree: a - ( vegetation roots direction and the level degree).In this paper, theory of the relation between surface flow and critical slope was introduced. The direction of the rain considered, the critical slope degree of surface erosion was worked out.Then by the finity element method, the relation of the surface deformation and the slope height was studied. Without effection of the rain and so on, the critical height of the slope equal or below 5m, and the slope degree is below 45.The theory of the phreatic water level confirms the slope form was first presented. By concrete calculating, stepped slope will be favor to furnish water to the slope vegetation. And this is the very matter of why vegetation at the bottom of the slope is easily survived.The study of this paper offers the theory foundation for the designing standard of slope greening protection.更多还原