【作者】 顾莉丽；

【导师】 郭庆海；

【作者基本信息】 吉林农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 新世纪以来，我国农业和农村经济进入了一个新的发展阶段。农产品供求关系、经济发展的体制环境和国际关系发生了重大的变化。关联农业和工业的玉米加工业随着农业结构从“平面式”的适应性调整向“立体式”的战略性调整转变，其地位作用日趋凸现，显示出强大的市场潜力和广阔的发展空间。国内外玉米加工业发展的成功经验证明：玉米加工业是具有联动效应、集聚效应和增值效应的“黄金产业”。吉林省作为我国的玉米之乡，世界“三大黄金玉米带”之一，玉米加工业发展明显滞后，未能将玉米的资源优势转变为产业优势和经济优势。这严重制约了吉林省经济发展和社会进步。新形势下，如何从根本上解决这一难题，已成为吉林农业乃至吉林经济发展的重要任务。本文正是从吉林省的现实情况出发，顺应玉米加工业发展新趋势，提出了在吉林省做大做强玉米加工业的发展思路，以引导农业内部结构调整，加快农村产业结构的优化升级和农村工业化、城镇化进程，吸纳农村大量剩余劳动力，增加农民非农收入，从而提高吉林农业的国际竞争力，实现农村经济的跨越式发展。 本文以比较优势理论、经济增长阶段论、竞争优势理论和产业组织理论为指导，从区域经济发展和“产业”这一中观层次出发，采用比较分析、历史分析、逻辑分析等定性分析方法和统计分析、数学模型分析等定量分析方法相结合，对吉林省发展玉米加工业这一问题进行了全面、系统的研究，主要内容包括以下几个方面： 1、从吉林省种植玉米的自然资源优势、玉米生产的成本和效益以及贸易自由化条件下市场对吉林玉米的冲击三个方面进行分析，论证了吉林省发展玉米加工业的现实依据。 2、从市场竞争力、厂商结构和市场潜力三个方面分别对吉林省玉米加工业的市场进行分析。首先，运用偏离—份额分析法，采用玉米加工业产量指标分析了1991—2001年期间吉林省玉米加工业的变动情况。从分析结果看，吉林省玉米加工业的产业竞争力好于全国平均水平，但其加工产品结构不如全国平均水平。总体看，其发展状况略好于全国平均水平。其次，根据调研获得的一手资料，对吉林省玉米加工业的厂商结构进行分析。目前该行业中前四家企业的市场占有率为60％，这说明吉林省玉米加工业生产正在从分散逐步走向集中。要提高行业获利能力，必须促进生产资料向基础好的地区和厂商流动。最后，对玉米加工产品—淀粉及其副产品、变性淀粉、淀粉糖、酒精、味精、赖氨酸、柠檬酸和酶制剂的市场需求进行了分析和预测，得出玉米精深加工产品市场前景广阔的结论。 3、对吉林省玉米加工业发展现状进行实证分析。通过对该产业的纵向比较分析，归纳出其发展新阶段的特征；并通过同国内外发达省份、地区的横向比较分析，从产业内部和外部环境两个方面，揭示出吉林省玉米加工业发展存在的主要问题和障碍因素。现状分析部分还以2002年市场玉米加工产品的平均价格为基准，分析了吉林省玉米加工主要产品的增值效果。其价值链增值结果为：玉米：玉米淀粉：麦芽糊精：结晶葡萄糖：柠檬酸：变性淀粉：味精：酒精=1：1.6：2.57：2.77：3.05：3.11：4.88：10.99。该结果进一步证明：随着玉米加工层次的逐步加深，其产品的增值幅度会逐渐扩大。同时，通过运用修正指数函数模型，对吉林省玉米加工业主要生产的四大类产品(饲料、淀粉、酒精和白酒)的生命周期进行判断和研究。从时间序列回归的结果来看：淀粉处于成长阶段；饲料、酒精处于成熟阶段；白酒处于衰退阶段。由此得出结论：吉林省玉米加工业进入了新的发展阶段，开发产品新用途，优化产品结构，发展原料型产品的下游产品已势在必行。 5、针对吉林省玉米加工业发展存在问题，提出了发展对策。即：加强玉米原料基地建设，走产加销一体化道路；加快科技创新，营造玉米加工转化科技新优势；加快玉米加工园区建设，促进产业集聚；确立大企业两极发展，中小企业实行“卫星城”式发展和“散弹”式发 吉林农业大学硕士学位论文吉林省发展玉米加工业的研究展并举的战略;确立玉米加工业的合理区域布局及重点建设内容;政府支持与加强管理相结合，为玉米加工业的发展创造稳定、宽松、开放的政策环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since entering the new century, our agriculture and rural economy have entered a new stage in which the supply and demand of agricultural products, the systematical circumstances of economic development and international relationship have changed greatly. With the transform of agricultural structure from adaptable adjustment to strategic adjustment, corn processing industry that connects agriculture and industry has displayed great marketable potential and vast developmental space. A lot of successful experience all over the world has proved that corn processing industry is "Golden Industry" that has related effect, collected effect and increased effect. Jilin Province is a hometown of corn in China. And fortunately it is one of "Three Golden Zones of Corn" in the world. However its corn processing industry is obviously backward. Meanwhile, Jilin Province has not transferred the resourceful advantages into local economic advantages. These problems have restricted the development of economy and the progress of society. So how to resolve these questions is our first task in the new stage. On the basis of severe situation of Jilin Province and following the new trend that corn processing industry develops, this paper put forwards a new way that develops corn processing industry greatly in Jilin Province. So as to adjust agricultural structure, accelerate the optimization of rural structure and the process of rural industry and urbanization. Furthermore, it can take in a lot of rural labor, increase peasant’s income and improve competitive ability of agriculture at international market.This paper is based on the theory of comparable advantage, theory of economic increase. theory of competitive advantage and industrial organized theory. In the paper, some analysis methods are used, such as comparable analysis, historical analysis. logical analysis , statistical analysis , mathematical model analysis and so on. Study on the subject includes five aspects:1 The paper analyzes the location and natural endowments of corn planting, the cost and profit of corn production as well as the influence of international market under the condition of traditional freedom. According to the above analysis, the practical foundation of developing corn processing industry in Jilin Province is expounded.2 The part analyzes the market of corn processing industry in Jilin Province from three aspects which are marketable competitive ability marketable structure and marketable potential. Firstly, the fluctuant conditions between 1991 and 2001 are analyzed by deviance-share method. From the result, the industrial competitive ability of corn processing industry in Jilin Province is better than the average, but its structure is inferior to the average. In a word, the developmental condition is little better than the average. Secondly, the marketable structure is analyzed according to datum by investigation. Nowadays, the marketable rate of the first four enterprises is 60%. The structure illustrates that the production of corn processing industry in Jilin Province is moving to concentrate. In order to improve the ability of profit, it is necessary to make productive materials spread to good regions and enterprises. Finally, analyze and predict the marketable demand of corn refining products-corn starch and its by-products, modified starch glucose ,. alcoho, monosodium, glutamate, lysine, citric acid and enzyme. In the light of the analysis and prediction, we can draw the conclusion that the marketable prospect of corn refining products is vast.3 It is analyzed that the present situations of the development of corn processing industry in Jilin Province. The characteristics of new stage are concluded by vertical comparison. Meanwhile,the main problems and obstructive factors of the industry are found by contrasting with the developed regions at abroad or another provinces. Furthermore, the part of present situations analyzes the profit of corn processing products. The result is corn: corn starch: malt dextrin: dextrose:citricacid:modi更多还原