【作者】 唐晓兰；

【导师】 王伯铎；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 环境科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 清洁生产(Cleaner Production，CP)是将污染整体预防的环境战略持续地应用于生产全过程中，通过不断改善管理和技术进步，提高资源利用效率，减少污染物排放，以降低对环境和人类的风险，实现经济效益和环境效益的统一。对建设项目进行清洁生产评价，可使建设项目在设计中选择清洁的原材料和能源、清洁的生产工艺和清洁的产品，降低资源消耗，从源头减少污染物的产生。因此，建设项目清洁生产评价有利于项目的经济环境综合决策，研究建设项目的清洁生产评价方法，建立完善的清洁生产指标体系和评价模型，具有较重要的研究意义和实用价值。 建设项目清洁生产评价是通过对建设项目的厂址、产品、生产全过程进行综合评价，判断建设项目清洁生产的总体水平以及主要环节的清洁生产水平，并针对清洁生产水平较低的环节提出相应的清洁生产对策和措施。 本文在国内外清洁生产评价研究的基础上，以建设项目为对象，以建立建设项目清洁生产评价系统和方法为目的，以可操作性和实用性为目标，提出了建设项目清洁生产评价内容和评价方法，建立了建设项目清洁生产评价的指标体系和评价模型。 本文的主要研究成果有： (1)探讨了建设项目清洁生产评价的理论基础以及建设项目清洁生产评价对环境影响评价、清洁生产审计和企业环境管理的意义； (2)建立了完整的建设项目清洁生产评价方法和工作程序，包括清洁生产评价内容、评价指标体系和评价数学模型； (3)针对清洁生产评价对象不同，提出了建设项目厂址、生产工艺和项目整体评价三套清洁生产评价模型： (4)提出了在环境影响评价、清洁生产审计和区域清洁生产领域中的清洁生产评价方法和工作程序； (5)以某稀硝酸建设项目和某石油开发建设项目的清洁生产评价为例，验证了建设项目清洁生产评价方法的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cleaner Production is defined as the continuous application of a pollution prevention strategy to process and products through continuous improvement of management practices and technologies in order to enhance efficiency of resource utilization, to eliminate pollution emission and to reduce risks to human and the environment, which focuses on environmental improvement with economic benefits. Therefore, project Cleaner Production assessment makes for economic and environmental decision-making of project, it’s important to study model of CP assessment, including CP index system and CP assessment method.Through assessment of the site of factory, process and product, CP assessment assess the CP total level of industrial and the CP level of master course of process, and put forward CP countermeasure on the base of the assessment.Based on the research of CP assessment home and abroad, to settle the matter of overfull indexes and subjective assessment and so on, The paper study the CP assessment method and process, including context of assessment, maneuverable index system, objective and concise mathematics model. The productions of the paper are as follows:(1) Discussing the academic base of CP assessment and the meaning of CP assessment on environmental impact assessment, Cleaner Production and environmental management of industry;(2) Set up integrated CP assessment method and process, including context of assessment, maneuverable index system, objective and concise mathematics model;(3) According to different assessment object, put forward three assessment models: the site of factory assessment model, craftwork assessment model and whole project assessment model;(4) Put forward the method of application and process of CP assessment on environmental impact assessment, CP audit and CP in rejoin;(5) The CP assessment cases of artenuant nitric acid set and oil mine project prove the CP assessment way feasible.Tang Xiaolan (Environmental Science) Directed by --Wang Boduo更多还原